The internal resistance per unit area of the soil mass to resist failure and sliding along any plane.

Is the test used to determine the grain size distribution of the soils passing the No. 200 sieve.

The moisture content at which the maximum dry unit weight of soil is attained.

A small opening that allows water to drain from within an assembly.

Is defined as the relative ease with which a soil can be deformed. use the terms of soft, firm, or hard.

Is a soil classification system used in engineering and geology to describe the texture and grain size of a soil. The classification system can be applied to most unconsolidated materials, and is represented by a two-letter symbol.

It is one of the most reliable methods available for determining the shear strength parameters. It is used widely for both research and conventional testing.

It refers to the condition in which every point in a soil mass is on the verge of failure.

Are the limits of water content used to define soil behavior.

The result of volume change in saturated cohesive soils because of the expulsion of water that occupies the void spaces.

Vertical distance measured between two stages in a liquid. It measures the pressure exerted by the weight of liquid above a specified point.

The state occurs when a soil mass is allowed to relax or move outward to the point of reaching the limiting strength of the soil; that is, the soil is at the failure condition in extension. Thus, it is the minimum lateral soil pressure that may be exerted.

It is a technique for in situ densification of thick layers of loose granular soil deposits.

A written record of information about the soil removed from a hole drilled in the earth.

Ratio of preconsolidation pressure to present effective overburden pressure.

It is the oldest and simplest form of shear test arrangement. The test equipment consists of a metal shear box in which the soil specimen is placed.

A channel where the flow streamlines are not straight and parallel.

Caused by the elastic deformation of dry soil and of moist and saturated soils without any change in the moisture content.

Is the densification of soil by removal of air, which requires mechanical energy.

It is also called coefficient of permeability.

Is a line along which water particle will travel from upstream to the downstream side in the permeable soil medium.

It is approximately a straight line on a semi logarithmic plot as shown in a consolidation characteristic of normally consolidated clay of low to medium sensitivity, it occurred when slope is equal to Cc.

A line joining the elevation of energy heads of a stream; a line drawn above the hydraulic grade line a distance equivalent to the velocity head of the flowing water at each cross section along a stream or channel reach or through a conduit.

These are the regions found on the analysis of the variation hydraulic gradient. I. Laminar Flow Zone II. Transition Zone III. Turbulent Flow Zone IV. undisturbed flow zone

That flow in open channels at which the energy content of the fluid is at a minimum.

Is the grain size corresponding to 10 percent passing on a grain-size distribution curve.

The coefficient of permeability of soil depends on

Is defined as the moisture content at which no further volume change occurs with further reduction in moisture content.

It is the distribution in the particle size of the soil.

Degree a soil can be molded or reworked causing permanent deformation without rupturing.

Is a field measure of the ability of the soil to withstand an applied stress or pressure as applied using the thumb and forefinger.

It involves the attraction of a water molecule to a non-water molecule (water-solid bond).

Are constructed to calculate the groundwater flow in the media that combine flow line and equipotential lines.

It is a versatile sounding method that can be used to determine the material in a soil profile and estimate their engineering properties.

He was the first to present a comprehensive theory for evaluating the ultimate bearing capacity of rough shallow foundation. According to his theory the depth of the foundation is shallow if the depth of the foundation is less than or equal to the width of the foundation.

It is another way to accelerate the consolidation settlement of soft, normally consolidated clay layers and achieve precompression before foundation construction. It is constructed by drilling holes through the clay layers in the field at irregular intervals.

It is a type of failure occurs in a such a way that the surface of sliding passes at a distance below the toe of the slope.

Provides a means of describing the degree and kind of cohesion and adhesion between the soil particles as related to the resistance of the soil to deform or rupture.

Was originally proposed by a Highway Research Board’s Committee on Classification of Materials for Subgrades and Granular Type Road. According to the present form of the system, soil can be classified according to eight major groups, A-1 through A-8, based on the grain size distribution, liquid limit and plasticity indices.

It is used to determine the grain size distribution of coarse-grained soil.

It tells us how many times the soil grain is heavier than water.

Generally decreases as the liquid limit of soil increases and its range of variation is rather wide.

The sum of the vertical components of the forces developed at the points of contact of the solid particles per unit cross sectional area of the soil mass.

It is based on Stokes’ law, which relates the terminal velocity of a free-falling sphere in a liquid to its diameter.

A line along which the potential head at all points are equal.

It is a type of failure occurs in a such a way that the surface of sliding intersects the slope or above its toe.

It is also called as Textural classification system

Is also known as total, wet or moist unit weight. It is the total weight divided by the total volume

It is an analysis which involves determining and comparing the shear stress developed along the most likely rupture surface with shera strength of the soil.

He proposed a correlation for the net allowable bearing pressure for foundation with the standard penetration resistance.