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Conditions caused by inanimate agents are also called

physiological disorders

Which characterizes viroids?

Tiny entities composed of stable and free ribonucleic acids That can infect plant cells

These pathogens are commonly disseminated by insects

Ultramicroscopic, obligately parasitic entities that are made up of a nucleic acid core and a protein coat

This refers to the sequence of events that leads to and is involved In the production of disease

Disease cycle

This occurs when the pathogen has become established in the Plant tissues and obtains nutrients from the host

Infection

Which of the following is now a survival structure?

Phanerogram seeds

What is the term for the plant disease epidemics that occur Throughout the world?

Pandemic

Considered father of Philippine phytopathology and dean of Filipino Plant pathologists

Gerardo Ocfemia

He invented the microscope

Rebort Hooke

He was the first Filipino Acarologist who spearheaded the research On mites in the Philippines in 1961

L.C. Rimando

The physical removal of insect pests from the infested plants is an Example of

mechanical control

Includes all adverse effects exeted by the plant in the insects Survival, development and reproduction

antibiosis

Which of the following rice pests possesses chewing type of Mouthparts during the destructive stage?

stemborer

An insect which carries and transmits a Disease -causing organism to a plant

vector

The causal agent of soft rot of vegetables is

Pectobacterium carotovorum

The causal agent of bacterial wilt of tomato is

Ralstonia solanacearum

The corn disease incited by Bipolaris maydis may be controlled by

fungicides

A common symptom of diseases caused by fungi

spot

The use of oil is a Type of method against insect pests

physical

The effects of one plant on another plant due to the chemicals That it releases

allelopathy

The term that collectively describes the effects of both competition And allelopathy

interference

The point during the life cycle of a crop when it most affected with The competition by weeds

critical period of competition

The weed density, higher than which significant yield losses will be Observed

critical threshold level

The weed density and duration when the crop is most affected

crop-weed competitive threshold

The process of decreasing weed population to minimize Competition

weed control

The study of weeds and their control

Weed Science

Chemicals that are used to kill weeds

herbicides

The world’s worst weed based on distribution

Cyperus rotundus

These genera of weeds resemble rice at its seedling stage

Echinochloa

The component of a pesticide that act as surface active agents

surfactant

The presidential decree number which created the Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority

1144

The year when the FPA was promulgated

1977

The color code of the least toxic pesticides

green

Herbicides with the blue band belong to what category?

How many categories of pesticides are there based on toxicity?

The word ‘CAUTION’ is the signal word for what category of Pesticides?

The chemical family to which 2,4-D belongs

phenoxy

This group of insecticides inhibits the cholinesterase enzyme of Insect pests

Carbamates

Buthachlor or Machete EC belongs to this group of herbicide

amides

The anteriomost vein of an insect forewing is

Costa

The Pterygote insects include the following except

Odonata

Nephotettix virescens belong to the Suborder

Hemiptera

The insect order characterized by having scales on its Membranous wings

Lepidoptera

The third segment of the dorsal part of abdomen is

The injury caused by a “putakti” comes from this body region of The insect

abdomen

The thrips belong to this order

Thysanoptera

Human louse!’s life cycle is

ametabola

Naiad is a part of this metamorphosis

hemimetabola

Nymph is a part of this metamorphosis

paurometabola

Fungal pathogens that do not produce any spores

Rhzoctonia and Sclerotium

Macroconidia and microconidia are formed by

Fusarium spp.

A character of hyphae that is found only in the basidiomycetous Fungi

Clamp connections

An ascocarp in fungi with a pore at the top and the wall of its own

Perithecium

Which is not a district characteristic of Class Loculoascomycetes of Fungi

A single-walled ascus

Spores produced from fragmentation of hyphal cells

Arthrospores

The primary reproductive structures of fungi are

Spores

The Formae specialis isa sub-specific classification of fungi, which is based on

ability to attack different genera of crop plants

Which among the following is not a fungi?

Algae

Which is not a characteristic of true fungi?

Cell wall composition is cellulose

This is the outer non-cellular layer covering the nematode body And is shed-off during molting

cuticle

A feeding structure that distinguishes plant parasitic from non- Plant parasitic nematodes

stylet

Where are the eggs of root-knot nematode deposited?

in a gelatinous matrix

The typical life cycle of Meloidogyne incognita

sedentary endoparasite

Which of the following is not typical of nematode injury to plants

death of plant

Plant parasitic nematodes are diagnosed by examining

soil and roots

What is the typical number of juvenile stages in the life cycle of a Nematode?

These are nematodes which produce eggs that hatch after being Laid

oviparous

Nematode species that require the presence of both male and Females for reproduction to Occur

amphimictic

Nematodes possessing both functional male and female Reproductive organs

hermaphroditic

Author of the “Germ Theory of Disease”

Louis Pasteur

Proposed “The Sun Spot Cycle Theory” in relation to locust Outbreaks

Uichanco

This is not a characteristic of plant viruses

Inhabit intercellular spaces

This is the component of plant viruses

All of the choices

A disease caused by a plant viroid

Cadang cadang disease of coconut

This is not a morphological shape of plant viruses

Branched filamentous

Which among the following may transmit plant viruses

All of the choices

Which among the following are symptoms of a plant virus

All of the choices

This is not a type of plant viruses according to persistence in their Insect vector

Invasive viruses

This is not a method of plant virus diseases diagnosis.

Culture of nutrient media

Which of the following pests is not an arthropod?

golden Apple snail

Bactrocera dorsalis isa pest of this fruit crop

mango

A cultural practice against pest utilized to enhance the activities And survival of natural enemies

habitat diversification

The use of adhesive substance is a Pests

physical control

Early harvest is a Type of control against pests

cultural control

Cold storage could also be used against pests and is considered a Method of control

physical control

Water management can be categorized under all methods of Control except

chemical control

IPM employs a variety of tactics, and the least type of method that Could be used is

chemical method

A category of pest cause no significant damage under the Conditions currently prevailing, however, this can be a key or Occasional pest if conditions in the field are disrupted

potential

The term used for non-resident pests is

migrant

This method involves manipulation of the cultural management Practices to suppress the weeds

cultural

Grassy weeds (Poaceae) locks similar to sedges except that their Stem called culm is

cylindrical

The hairy membranous outgrowth in between leafs heat and leaf Blade in grasses is called

Ligule

A weed considered as a true-parasite

Cuscuta sp

This is an example broad-leaf weed

Commelina benghalensis

This is an example of a grass weed

Digitaria setigera

Which among the following weed species is a perennial grass

Imperata cylindrica

Which among the following weed species reproduces by seed Alone?

Synedrella nodiflora

Which among the following weeds are spread easily by wind?

Tridax procumbens

Major weeds of crops deposited in the soil seedbank are estimated

70-90%

100

An adjuvant or surfactants that improve absorption of herbicide by Raising the humidity or spray film and leaf surface

humectants

CS 1

CS 1

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