問題一覧
1
The bones that connect the upper limb to the trunk are collectively termed the
shoulder girdle
2
The acromial extremity of the clavicle articulates with the
acromion of the scapula
3
The sternal extremity of the clavicle articulates with the
manubrium
4
The thickest part of the body of the scapula is the
lateral angle
5
The _______ is formed by the junction of the superior nd medial scapular borders.
superior angle
6
The ________ is formed by the junction of the medial and lateral scapular borders.
inferior angle
7
Which palpable structure is located distal and slightly medial to the arcomioclavicular joint?
Coracoid process
8
The area of the proximal humerus located directly below the tubercles, which is the site of many fractures, is called the
surgical neck.
9
The large, rounded, elevated process prominently located on the lateral surface of the proximal humerus is the
greater tubercle
10
The small, synovial fluid-filled sacs, which relieve pressure and reduce friction in the joint tissues, are called
bursae
11
What joint is formed by the articulation between the glenoid cavity and head of the humerus?
Scapulohumeral
12
The scapulohumeral articulation is classified as a _______ joint, ______ type.
synovial; ball and socket
13
The clavicle is classified as a(n) _____ bone.
long
14
The scapula is classified as a(n) bone.
flat
15
The rounded head on the humerus fits into an oval depression on the lateral aspect of the scapula called the
glenoid cavity
16
The lesser tubercle is situated on which surface of the humerus?
Anterior
17
All of the joints of the shoulder girdle are
synovial, freely movable.
18
Patients often arrive in the radiology department with trauma to the shoulder. Which of the following poistions is recommended for x-ray examination of the shoulder in these patients?
Upright
19
All of the following positions of the humerus are commonly used when performing an AP projection of the shoulder, except
superior rotation
20
To demonstrate the greater tubercle of the humerus on an AP projection of the shoulder, the epicondyles must be
parallel with the plane of the IR
21
What is the recommended exposure field dimensions for the AP projection of the shoulder?
10 x 12 inches (24 x 30 cm)
22
The respiration phase for an AP projection of the shoulder should be
suspended
23
For an AP projection of the shoulder, the central ray should be directed
perpendicular to the IR
24
For an AP projection of the shoulder, the central ray should enter
1 inch (2.5 cm) inferior to the coracoid process.
25
For an AP projection of the scapula, the central ray should enter
2 inches (5 cm) inferior to the coracoid process.
26
Which of the following is prominently shown in profile on an AP projection of the shoulder with the humerus in external rotation?
Greater tubercle
27
The greater tubercle will be partially superimposed over the humeral head on which of the follwoing projections and positions?
AP, neutral rotation
28
For an AP projection of the shoulder with the arm in a neutral position, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned in regards to the IR plane?
45 degrees
29
If the patient palces the palm of the hand against the thigh, the humerus will be in
neutral position
30
For an AP projection of the shoulder with the humerus in interal rotation, how should the humeral epicondyles be positioned in relation to the IR plane?
Perpendicular
31
What structure is prominently shown in profile on a AP projection of the shoulder, interal rotation position?
Lesser tubercle
32
If the patient places the back of the hand against the hip, the humerus will be in
internal rotation.
33
When the arm cannot be rotated or abducted due to injury, which of these can be used to perform a lateral projection of the shoulder?
Transthoracic lateral projection, Lawrence method
34
Where should the center of the IR be positioned for a lateral projection of the shoulder?
Surgical neck
35
For a transthoracic lateral projection (Lawerence) of the shoulder, lung detail may be blurred to better visualize the shoulder area. Which exposure time is recommended to blur the lung structures?
Minimum of 3 seconds
36
If a breathing techinque cannot be used for the transthoracic lateral projection of the shoulder (Lawrence) the exposure should be mae using
full inspiration
37
If the patient can be positioned properly, the central-ray angle for the transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence) of the shoulder is
0 degrees.
38
If the patient cannot elevate the unaffected shoulder for a transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence) of the shoulder, what central ray orientation is needed?
10 to 15 degrees cephalad
39
How far (approximately) should the head, shoulders, and elbow be elevated for the inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence) of the shoulder?
3 inches
40
How far should the arm be abducted for an inferosuperior projection (Lawrence) of the shoulder joint?
90 degrees
41
How should the humerus be positioned for an inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrece) of the shoulder joint?
Exteral rotation
42
How is the central ray directed for an inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence) of the shoulder joint?
15 to 30 degrees horizontally
43
Which of the follwoing are clearly demonstrated on the inferosuperior axial projection (Lawrence) of the shoulder joint? 1. Proximal humerus 2. Scapulohumeral joint 3. Acromioclavicular articulation
1, 2 and 3
44
The PA oblique projection of the shoulder joint (scapular Y) is performed in which of the follwoing positions?
RAO or LAO
45
PA oblique projection of the shoulder (scapular Y) is performed to evaluate
dislocations.
46
For the PA oblique projection (scapular Y) of the shoulder, the body is rotated so that the midcoronal plane is how many degrees from the IR?
45 to 60
47
What is the central ray angle for the PA oblique projection (scapular Y) of the shoulder joint?
0 degrees
48
The part identified on the clavicle in this figure is the
acromial extremity.
49
The part identified by the arrow in this figure is the
acromion
50
The part identified by the arrow in this figure is the
inferior angle.
51
The bone part identified by the arrow in this figure is the
coracoid process.
52
The bony area identified by the arrow in this figure is the
glenoid cavity.
53
The small, rounded, elevated process identified by the arrow in this figure is the
lesser tubercle.
54
The depression identified in this figure is called the
intertubercular groove.
55
The projection of the shoulder demonstrated in this figure is the
inferosuperior axial (Lawrence).