問題一覧
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is a collection of data stored in a format that can easily access
Database
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is a collection of programs which enables its users to access database, manipulate data, reporting and representation of data
Database Management System (DBMS)
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defines the logical design and structure of a database and defines how data will stored
Database Model
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This database model organizes data into a tree like structure
Hierarchical Model
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In this model data is organized more like a graph, and allowed to have more than one parent node
Network Model
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In this database model, relationships are created by dividing object of interest into entity
Entity Relationship Model
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In this model, data is organized in two dimentional tables and relationship is maintained by storing a common field
Relational Model
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is the skeleton structured that represents logical view of the entite database
Database Schema
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This Schema pertains to the actual storage of data wnd its form of storage like files, indices, etc
Physical Database Schema
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A logical data model establishes structure of data elements and the relationship among them
Logical Database Schema
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is a database management system that is based on the relational model as introduced by E.F Codd
Relational Database Management System
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is non relational database that scale out better than relational databases are designed with web applications
NoSQL
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a computer language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data
SQL
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is known as the Father of databases
Dr. Edgar F “Tedd” Codd
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Structured Query Language (SQL) Appeared
1974
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What year IBM worked to develop Codd ideas and released a product name System/R
1978
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What year IBM developed the first prototype of relational database and standardized by ANSI
1986
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Components of SQL Process
1.Query Dispatcher 2.Optimization Engines 3.Classic Query Engine 4.SQL Query Engine
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Consists of the SQL Commands that can be used to define the database Schema
Data Definition Language (DDL)
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SQL commands that deal with the manipulation of data present into database
Data Manipulation Language (DML)
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Includes Commands such as grant and revoke
Data Control Language (DCL)
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Data Definition Language Command
1.Create 2.Alter 3.Drop
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Data Manipulation Language (DML)
1.Select 2.Insert 3.Update 4.Delete
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Data Control Language Command (DCL)
1.Grant 2.Revoke
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Transaction Control Language (TCL) Commands
1.Commit 2.Rollback 3.Savepoint 4.Set Transaction
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an attribute that specifies the type of data of any object
SQL Datatypes
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are the rules enforced on data columns on a table. these are used to limit the type of data
SQL Constraints
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is a concept of a process that ensures the accuracy, completeness, consistency, and validity of an organization
Data Integrity
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SQL is followed by a unique set of rules and guidelines called?
SQL Syntax
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There are no duplicate rows in table
Entity Integrity
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Enforce valid entries for a given column by restricting the type, the format, or the range of values
Domain Integrity
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Rows cannot be deleted, which are used by other records
Referential Integrity
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Enforces some specific business rules that do not fall into entity, domain or Referential Integrity
User Defined Integrity