is a way of thinking about the world, the universe, and society.

"Knowing Yourself"

"The Ideal Self, The Perfect Self"

"Love and justice as the foundation of self"

"I think therefore I am (Cogito, Ergo Sum) and Mind-body dualism"

"Personal Identity"

"The Self is a Bundle of Theory of the Mind"

"Respect for Self"

"The Mind and Body are one"

He is a Greek philosopher whose way of life, character, and thought exerted a profound influence on ancient and modern philosophy.

Having no surviving writings actually written by himself, we know of him from his students (Plato) and other philosophers after him.

He was one of the first Greek philosopher to seriously explore questions of ethics.

Rather than teaching others what to think, he teaches others how to question; his methods was later on became known as __.

A method of questioning and finding answers and from the answers derived, a question emerges ones again.

He was accused of corrupting the minds of the youth as he tried to engage men in discourse and make them question their beliefs and their existence.

To him, this has become his life-long mission; the true task of the philosopher, is to know oneself.

This line urges people to bring themselves into the light, which means, that you need to examine oneself and the things around you.

having a sense of __ which means knowing one’s degree of understanding about the world and knowing one’s capabilities and potentialities; It is only through _ that one’s self merges.

This philosophy teaches you that __ is achieved and not just discovered, something to work on and not a product of a mere realization.

The reward of the constant self-discovery and self-knowledge.

The core of the Socratic ethics and the deepest and most basic propensity of man. It is necessary and can be learned.

The lack of virtue can lead to __ ; considered as the virtue of the bad man.

He thought that being ignorant of your existence and the world is the worst that can happen to anyone: to live but die inside.

He is a philosopher best known as the student and successor of Socrates and later on taught Aristotle.

He is best known for his writings (__, __) and for having founded the __; an academic program which many consider to be the first Western university.

He dedicated his life to learning and teaching and is hailed as one of the founders of Western philosophy.

Him being Socrates’s student, basically took off from his teacher and supported his views.

According to him, we are all-knowing before we are born but stripped with our knowledge when we are brought into the world for we experience various challenges.

One should try emulate the self before they are born (The Ideal/Perfect Self) by living a life of virtue.

A bishop of Hippo (now Annaba, Algeria); is a renowned theologian and prolific writer.

He was also a skilled preacher and rhetorician.

Two most prominent works of St. Augustine

It is a philosophical defense of Christianity that outlines a new way to understand human society.

It is a spiritual self-examination.

He is one of the Latin Fathers of the Church and, in Roman Catholicism, is formally recognized as a doctor of the church.

He followed the ancient view of Plato and infusing it with the newfound doctrine of Christianity; that is, an aspect of man dwells in the world and is imperfect and continuously yearns to be with the divine.

The goal of every human person is to attain this communion and bliss with the Divine by living one’s life in virtue.

Turning towards love

Turning away from love

He is a French mathematician and philosopher during the 17th century.

He is known as the Father of Modern Philosophy.

In the mathematics sphere, his primary contribution came from bridging the gap between algebra and geometry, which resulted in the Cartesian coordinate system still widely used today.

In philosophy, he is attributed with developing mind-body dualism.

It is the idea that the existence of anything that you register from your senses can be doubted. Also known as __.

For him, the self is real and not just an illusion.

The only thing that one cannot doubt is the existence of the self, for even one doubts oneself, that only proves that THERE IS A DOUBTING SELF, a thing that thinks therefore cannot be doubted.

According to this philosophy, the self is different from the body. Thus body and self exists, but differ in existence and reality.

It is a feature of the mind rather than the body thus it is mental rather than physical.

Though (__) always precedes action (body). It has always been in that sequence.

He is an English philosopher and political theorist.

He is recognized as the founder of British empiricism and the author of the first systematic exposition and defense of political liberalism.

His most famous works related to Understanding the self was the __, in which he developed his theory of ideas and his account of the origins of human knowledge in experience.

(The Self) is not in the brain but founded in the consciousness (memory).

According to him, when we are born our minds are empty or he call it “__” or blank slate.

He is a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist known especially for his philosophical empiricism and skepticism.

He tried to describe how the mind works in acquiring what is called knowledge.

According to him, there is no single impression of self that exist; There is no stable thing called self, for the self is nothing but a complex set of successive impressions or perceptions. What you think and what you feel constitute what you are in that very moment. That is what you are; that is who you are.

He is a German philosopher and one of the foremost thinkers of the Enlightenment; a European intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries.

His comprehensive and systematic work in epistemology (the theory of knowledge) and ethics greatly influenced subsequent philosophies.

According to him, the self is not just what gives one his personality; it is also the seat of knowledge acquisitions for all human persons.

He emphasizes the importance of a person’s respect for one self-stating that “Every man in an end in himself and never should be treated merely as a means for others “.

Respect others as you should respect yourself for we all have the same basic rights and should treat each other as equals.

He is a British philosopher, leading figure in the “Oxford philosophy,” or “ordinary language,” movement.

One his writings, __, is considered a modern classic. In it he challenges the traditional distinction between body and mind as postulated by René Descartes.

He opposed Descartes’ notion of self. For him, the mind is not separate from the body.

The Mind consists of dispositions of people based on what they know, what they feel, what they want, and so on.

People learn that they have their own minds because they behave in certain ways.

Knowing and believing are just dispositions but these influence people’s actions.