The Teacher and the Curriculum PART 1

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The Teacher and the Curriculum PART 1

Alipin, Daria 7

問題数 100 • 2023/08/05

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問題一覧

A type of curriculum is an ideal, this includes government agencies such as TESDA, CHED, UNESCO

Recommend Curriculum

A type of curriculum that is documents based on the recommended curriculum like LESSON PLAN, and SYLLABUS

Written Curriculum

A type of of curriculum that the learners put life to the written curriculum. This also known as IMPLEMENTED CURRICULUM

Taught Curriculum

A type of curriculum that includes support materials. ( print or non-print learning materials)

Supported Curriculum

A type of curriculum that is evaluated after it has being taught.

Assessed Curriculum

A type of curriculum that measured by tools in assessment which can indicate COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE, PSYCHOMOTOR outcomes. This also not part of the plan

Learned Curriculum

A type of curriculum that is UNWRITTEN CURRICULUM . such as peer influence, social environment, media pressures, societal changes, etc.

Hidden/ Implicit Curriculum

This includes, CG, VMG and Core syllabus.

Traditional

Identification of proper goals

Traditional

Subject-centered

Traditional

Attaining aims or philosophy of education. Planned learning experiences and LIST OF SUBJECTS

Traditional

experience of learning

Progressive

Sum total of all learning and experiences

Progressive

Entire range of experiences

Progressive

all activities happen in school

Limited

all activities happen inside and outside the school. also unplanned and indirect

Broad

This is a role of a teacher that requires open mindedness and full belief such as confidence, positive mindset and attitude.

Initator

A role of a teacher includes creativity. He/she thinks outside the box.

Innovator

A role of a teacher that gives life to the curriculum.

Implementer

A role of a teacher determines the desired learning outcomes have been achieved.(e.g. quizzes and exams)

Evaluator

A role of a teacher one has to master the curriculum. He/she has masteral and PhD degree.

Knower

A role of a teacher takes record of knowledge. He/she published researches, books, blogs, or even powerpoint presentation.

Writer

A teacher’s role is to make yearly, monthly or daily plan of the curriculum such as guide curriculum. ( e.g. lesson planner)

Planner

These people views curriculum as traditional.

Hutchins, Bestor, Schwab, Phenix

These people believes in progressive view of the curriculum.

Dewey, Caswell & Campbell, Smith-Stanley, Shore, Marsh & Willis

He viewed the curriculum as traditional and perrenial or “permanent studies”. Emphasized the 3RS and liberal education.

Hutchins

He believes in intellectual training and emphasized the subject areas such as Math, Science, History, and Foreign Language.

Bestor

He thinks the sole source of curriculum is DISCIPLINE as ruling doctrine for curriculum development.

Schwab

He thinks that the curriculum should consist entirely of knowledge which comes from various disciplines.

Phenix

Equitable assignment of content, time and experiences

Balance

One of the curriculum content is to arranged the curriculum vertically or horizontally.

Articulation

Content in a lower level is connected to the next level

Vertical Alignment

across subjects per geade. This happends at the same time like social studies in Grade 6 related to science in grade six.

Horizontal Alignment

Logical arrangement of content within a grade and subject

Sequence

Curriculum is integrated and interconnected

Integration

Vertical repetition and recurrinh approaches of content

Continuity

Coverage or boundaries

Scope

It is a dynamic process involving many different people and procedures.

Curriculum Development

Initial step; VMG, formulation of the objectives

planning

Content, activities, assessments, ans resources. ( e.g. lesson plan)

Designing

Implementation AFTER planning. Teach the leason plan/putting life.

Implementing

FOLLLOWS implementation, determines the extent whether which the learning outcomes have been achieve/ JUDGE.

Evaluating

Father of Behavioral Objectives and Grandfather of the Curriculum Design

Ralph Tyler

He emphasizes the PLANNING PHASE and 4 Basic Principles.

Ralph Tyler

What are the four basic principles?

Purpose, Educational Experiences related to purpose, Organization and Evaluation

Opposite of Bottom-up approach

Grassroots Approach

What are the major steps in Curriculum under Grassroots Approach?

Diagnosis of learner’s needs, Formulation of learning objectives, selection and organization of learning contents, selection of learning experiences/activities, org of learning experiences, determination of what to evaluate

Curriculum Model were proposed by

Gaylen Saylor ans William Alexander

set of learning opportunities to achieve broad educational goals

Curriculum Model

Under curriculum model is_______.

Goals, Objectives, and Domains (GOD) and Curriculum Designing

chronological order development

Historical Foundations

He first started the curriculum developed movement/pioneer. Emphasizes student’s needs, prepares learners for adult life. Learners will be grouped together and activities were aligned with the objectives. (student-centered)

Franklin Bobbit

Like Bobbit, Curriculum is the science and emphasizes student’s needs and objectives and activities are MATCH.

Werret Charters

Curricula are purposeful activities. Child development and growth, project method and curriculum develops social relationships and small group instruction (groupwork)

William Kilpatrick

Curriculum should develop the WHOLE CHILD. Produce outcomes and emphasized social studies.

Harold Rugg

Curriculum is organized around SOCIAL FUNCTIONS (like school clubs) Curriculum, instruction and learning are I N T E R R E L A T E D.

Hollis Caswell

Curriculum is a scuence and extension of school’s’ philosophy related to instruction. Emphasizes PROBLEM-SOLVING. Curriculum aims to educate GENERALISTS and not specialists.

Ralph Tyler

He/she contributed to foundations of concept’s development and CRITICAL THINKING in social studies. Helped lay the foundation for diverse student population (inclusive education)

Hilda Taba

Curriculum is a cooperative endeavor (group activities/ALL). Teachers and curriculum specialists and core planners.

Peter Oliva

issues from the society referred as:

society as source of change, agents of change, and as an agent of change

Considered two fundamental elements: SCHOOLS & CIVIL SOCIETY. Experimental intelligence and plurality (divergent thinking)

John Dewey

Wrote the book Future Shock. Homeschooling

Alvin Toffler

He is against Banking Approach and spoon feeding. Critical reflections and conscientization.; use questioning and problem posing approach. Emphasis on questioning problem posing and critical thinking.

Paolo Freire

needs of society and students, reduce student’s conformity (autonomy and freedom) constant need for school. Emphasis on active learning and critical thinking. Involvement of students. Need to align content with standards.

John Goodlad

Broadeen to enrich, multiple disciplines, MANH PERSPECTIVES

William Pinar

He created the 10 axioms for Curriculum Designers

Peter Oliva

What are Oliva’s 10 Axioms for Curriculum Designers?

inevitable, necessary and desirable, product of its time, made earlier can exist concurrently with newer cur. changes, depends on people, cooperative group act., decision-making process/choices of alternatives, ongoing process, comprehensive process rather than a piecemeal, systematic process, starts from where the cur. is

What axiom is this line “Societal development & knowledge revolution or information explosion”

Curriculum change is inevitable, necessary, and desirable

Curriculum is timeless. (e.g. curriculum guide to MELCS)

Curriculum is the product of its time

Curriculum can co-exist and overlap. Old & New Curriculum = Coexists/overlaps

Curriculum changes made earlier can exist concurrently with newer curriculum changes.

It is best that teachers design and own the changes

Curriculum change depends on people who will implement the change

Who are the curriculum implementers?

Teachers

Broad range of stakeholders are____

Teachers, parents, stakeholders, students, givernment or non-government organizations

A curriculum developer/designer must DECIDE what contents to teach and what methods or strategies to use. / Depends on the appropriate materials

Curriculum development is a decision-making process made from choices of alternatives.

The curriculum must change/ continuous or progressive process.

Curriculum development is an ongoing process

Heart of PRC. A curriculum must be based on careful plan(avoid piecemeal/hiwa-hiwalay) , intended learning outcomes.

Curriculum development is more effective if its a comprehensive process rather than a piecemeal

A curriculum design should always be SMART (desiree outcomes) with subject matter references. procedures, resources, and evaluation procedure. (e.g. Lesson Plan-follows systematic process)

Curriculum development is more effective when it follows systematic process.

Good starting pont. NO BACK TO ZERO Old curriculum + new curriculum but improved or revised

Curriculum development starts from where the curriculum is

It means the organization of curriculum components

Curriculum Design

___________ is an example of minuscule curriculum (core syllabus, unit plan, course design)

Lesson plan

The objectives should be SMART

Behavioral components

SMART stands for _________.

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Result-Oriented, Time-bounded or terminal

Below are part of the curriculum design

lesson plan, syllabus, unit plan, course design

________ should be relevant to rhe outcomes of the curriculum. Not too easy noor too difficult

Content/Subject Matter

These activities where the learners derive experiences

Teaching and Learning Methods

What sage on the stage mean?

A teaching method where a professor imparts knowledge by lecturing to their class

Work together and promotes TEAMWORK. The role of the teacher is to guide the learners

Cooperative learning activities

Personal responsibility appropriate for fast learners. Goal is to produce SELF-RELIANCE.

Independent learning activities

Test their competencies against each another in a healthy manner. / survivors in a very competitive world.

Cooperative activities

The main feature of this model are traditional method of teaching begins with stating the objectives, review, presenting new materials, explain, practice, guide, check for understanding, assess performance, and review and retest.

Barak-Rosenshine Model

Corrective feedback. 80% or more during practice session

Barak Rosenshine Model

The method for this model has a DIRECT INSTRUCTION.

Barak Rosenshine Model

The method of this model is GUIDED INSTRUCTION. Begins with review (1)., Anticipatory Set (2), Stating the Objectives(3), Input (4), Modeling (5), Guided practice (6), Independent Practice(8)

Madeline Hunter Model

Performance based on independent practice

Madeline Hunter Model

The method of this model is MASTERY LEARNING. Begins with clarification (objectives), pretest (formative;no fault basis), Enrichment Activity, to mastery group; Corrective drill to non mastery group. Post test for non mastery group. Retesch if not successful (75% below)

JH Block and Lorin Anderson Model

How much percent is pretest result from Mastery group based on score and Non Mastery group. For post test results, how much percentage for students for successful rate?

80% and above 75%

The method used for this type of model is SYSTEMATIC INSTRUCTION. Homework-driven available in Korea, China, and Japan

Thomas Good and Jery Brophy

What is the succes rate in Thomas Good and Jere Brophy Model?

Provide weekly reviews

This model begins with Review (homework exercises ) ,Development, Assess comprehension, Seatwork, Accountability, Homework, Special Review

Thomas Good and Jere Brophy Model

100

Effectiveness of a develop or written curriculum

Bradley Effectiveness Model (BEM)