Group of rhetoricians who travel from city to city charging admission to their lectures

The most famous sophist who taught that the way to achieve success is through a careful and prudent acceptance of traditional customs

He believed that all customs were relative not absolute

Man is the measure of all things

He was indicted for blasphemy by the athenians

He wanted to dethrone philosophy and replace it with rhetoric

not teaching to search for the truth but to win an argument

He was famous by his non existence theses

Justice is in the interest of the strong

He once said that might makes right

Nemesis og socrates

Target of socrates method of questioning

He believed that traditional morality is just a clever way for the weak masses to shackle the strong individual

What matter is power, not justice

He said that traditional greek virtue of moderation is for the simple and the feeble

Man who overturned the democracy and temporarily established an oligarchical dictatorship

He once said that ruler controls subject by encouraging their fear of non existent gods

What matters is not truth but manipulation and expediency

The sophists

Big three of western philosophy

Foremost philosopher of ancient times and made great contributions to the field of ethics

Formulated socratic method

The unexamined life is not worth living

Believed that philosophy could enable a man to live a life of virtue

Most important virtues according to socrates

Soent much of hus time in the streets and marketplace of athens

He offended many powerful figures in athens

Godfly of athens

Socrates method of questioning angry his fellow __

He was put into trial because of his idea

He died by drinking poisonous beverage of hemlock

After socrates died, all information about his life was in ___

Believed that all things in the universe have its purpose and function known as teleology

__ explains all the purpose and function of all things that exist in the universe

Doctirine of four causes

Emphasized also on moderation known as the doctrin of golden mean

He said to attain the golden mean is to avoid extreme, aiming always to act in a moderate fashion

Three types of friendship according to Aristotle

One of the students attended in academy, and was a prominent student of plato

He disagrees about the idea of his teacher regarding about the theory of forms. He believed that the ideas and views are based on what we can sense and perceived

Founded the school lyceum

Father of biology

Famous tutor of Alexander the great, ptolemy, and cassander

He even inspired Alexander to discover the east to collect exotic flora and fauna for him

He was curious about the rocks, plants, and animals. In fact, he created a classification system

He supported pythagoras observation that the earth is round

He rejected idealism and replaced it with empiricism

Knowledge comes from observation of the physical world around us

He brings plato’s forms down to earth by asserting that they are really just the sensible forms of the things, which can be observed through the five sense

Father of modern logic

He formulated a three steo argument called syllogism

Most important disciple of socrates

He was the first in the history of western civilization to publish philosophy

A talented wordsmith from an aristocratic family

The one who wrote Socrates’ life, debates, dialogues, and even his trial and execution

Founder of first university called academy

Known for writing several books but the most famous book is the book the republic

Known for his concept of idealism the theory of forms

Two specific levels of theory of forms

Level of theory: made up of sights and sounds

Gives the visible world its meaning

He believed that material world around us is not real is called idealism

He presented his idealism and theory of forms through his book, the republic on a story known as allegory of the cave

He believed that world of forms is eternal, unchanging, and cannot be seen

He discussed his understanding of rationality and the soul

Tripartite soul

Emphasized the importance of love known as platonic love

Spiritual relationship between two people with common interests, and similar worldviews

Emphasized the importance of education

He believed children should be taught early on to always seek wisdom and to live a virtuous life

Founder of cynicism

This school of thought believes that the purpose of life is to live in agreement with nature

He believed that a virtuous person should reject wealth, power, and fame to achieve a simlple and happy life

He lived his life as a beggar and lived in a massive jar with stray dogs

A famous critic of plato and aristotle

Founder of epicureanism

This school of thought believes that wisdom and simple living will result in a life free from fear and pain

The greatest pleasure in life is only attainable through knowledge, friendship, and a temperate life

He once said that the main obstacle to happiness is the fear of death. If we can overcome the fear of death, we can be happy

Founder of stoicism

This school of thought believes that man is completely powerless to change the reality instead to accept and deal with it

He also said that calmness and emotional fortitude is needed to the things over which we have little or no control

He also believed in diogenes that the purpose of life is to live in agreement with nature

One of the best philosopher and mathematician of hellenistic period

Apart from being a philosopher he is also a famous inventor

He also said that calmness and emotional fortitude is needed to the things over which we have little or no control