Manipulation of organism of their components TO MAKE USEFUL PRODUCT like wine and cheese

Is the direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes

It is the process of making multiple, identical copies of a particular piece of DNA

Is a molecule containing DNA from different sources, very often different species

Molecular glue

Agent that can carry fragment into a trust cell in which it is CAPABLE OF REPLICATION

2 types of Vector/Plasmid

Restriction Enzymes

One of the method of GENETIC ENGINEERING

Terminologist of Recombinant DNA

Parts of PLANT REPRODUCTION

• The OUTERMOST WHORLS of a Flower • collectively called CALYX

• Whorl inner to the Sepals • may be BRIGHTLY COLORED in some • Collective called COROLLA

• Whorl inner TO THE PETALS • The MALE reproductive structure of the flower • bears the male sporangis (Also known as "Microsporangia"

• PART of the STAMEN that contains Microsporangia that DEVELOP INTO POLLEN GRAINS

• part of the Stamen that serves as THE STALK OF THE ANTHER

• INNERMOST WHORL of the flower • The FEMALE reproductive structure of the flower • bears the female sporangis (also known as "Megasporangia)

• part of the PISTIL where the POLLEN GRAIN derived from the Microsporangium attaches during pollination

• Part of the PISTIL that serves as the STALK of the Stigma • LEADS to OVARY

• found at the BASE of the PISTIL • contains ONE or MORE OVULES • Eventually BECOME FRUITS

• CONTAINS the FEMALE Sporangia or Megasporangia • eventually BECOMES THE SEED

Stamens and pistil occurs on SEPERATE FLOWERS but the SAME PLANTS

Staminate and Pistillate occur on Seperate Plants

• Contain MICROSPOROCYTES • Contain TWO SPERM NUCLEI and ONE TUBE NUCLEUS

• contain MEGASPOROCYTES

• Transfer of pollen grain from the anther to the Stigma • may be Animal aided or wind-aided

• Ovules become the seed • Ovary matures into the fruit

One sperm and egg combine, forming a DIPLOID ZYGOTE, the future Embryo

Other sperm dudes with the 2nd POLAR NUCLEI, fornmming a TRIPLOID CELL that will develop into ENDOSPERM which is the tissue that serve as food reserve

2 types of SEED GERMINATION

Occurs when the Cotyledon emerges above ground, thereby exposing the hypocotyl of the plumule

Occurs when the cotyledon remains below ground, thereby concealing the hypocotyl

Types of flowers based on the presence of the whorls

A flower with sepals, petals, stamens and carpels

flower that lacks one or more of the floral whorls

Types of flowers based on the presence of reproductive whorls