P1

48問 • 1年前

通報

問題一覧

earliest calculating tool, invented thousand of years ago

Computer

two people who built a mechanical calculators using pegged wheels.

BLAISE PASCAL and GOTTFRIED LEIBNIZ

the first general purpose modern computer was developed in 1944 at Harvard University. Now called as the Mark I

Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator

the first general purpose electronic computer was developed in 1946 at the University of Pennsylvania.

ENIAC (electronic numerical integrator and calculator)

In 1948, developed a transistor, which led to the creation of a smaller computer.

WILLIAM SHOCKLEY

appeared in 1951 as the first commercially successful general purpose stored-program electronic digital computer.

UNIVAC (Universal automatic computer )

this word today is used as an abbreviation for any general purpose stored program electronic digital computer.

COMPUTER

identifies a computer as able to solve any solvable problem

General Purpose

designed for a particular singular task, such as control of an assembly line robot or an automobile ignition.

Special Purpose

have largely replaced analog computer.

Digital computers

- generation of computer that were vacuum-tube machines (1946-1959) - generation of computer that appeared in 1970, extension of the third and incorporated large-scale integration (LSI). This is now replaced by very large-scale integration (VLSI). (1971-1980)

- 1st Generation - 4th Generation

- generation of computer that is based on individually package transistor - generation of computer that used integrated circuits (IC) (1965-1971)

- 2nd Generation - 3rd Generation

consists of many transistors and other electronic elements fused on to a chip, a tiny piece of semiconductor material.

Integrated circuits

In the this generation, VLSI technology became ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) technology, resulting in the production of microprocessor chips having ten million electronic components. (1980-Present)

5th Generation

emerging branch in computer science, which interprets the means and method of making computers think like human beings.

5 Computer types of 5th generation DLNUC

• Desktop • Laptop • NoteBook • UltraBook • ChromeBook

smallest size of computer

Microcomputer

sizes of computer larger in capacity and flexibility

Minicomputer

size of computer used for very large applications such as the U.S census Bureau.

Mainframe computer

5 Types of Computers SMWMM

- Supercomputer - Microcomputer - Workstations - Mainframe Computer - Minicomputer

introduction of computers has expanded the domain of diagnostic imaging, making modalities possible such as CMD

- Computer Tomography - Magnetic Resonance - Digital Subtraction Angiography

offers the chance of obtaining information from X-ray examinations in digital form so that the advantages of the digital techniques can be applied to conventional x-ray

Computed radiography (CR)

In Computed Radiography, the film cassette is called?

Imaging Plate

1. After exposure, the digital image reading system scans the IP point by point with a laser beam. • 2. The resulting luminescent light value is transformed by a photo multiplier into an electric signal which is stored as a numerical value • 3. The stored information can be computed as a picture and then shown either on a monitor. • 4. After the scanning the remaining unused information on the IP is deleted by halogen light. • 5. The IP is then available again for further examinations.

STEPS

The cassettes is then placed into a _______ with a ____ shone on to it which releases the stored photons, collects the signal, and digitizes it to be displayed on a display screen.

- Reader - Laser

Within CR cassette is a what type of screen detector that stores latent image upon x-ray exposure

Photostimulable Storage Phosphor

Photostimulable phosphor plate used in CR are flexible plates that are _ mm thick and are coated with ______ activated fluorohalide compounds

- 1 mm - europium

it is the emission of light when stimulated by radiation

PHOTOSTIMULABLE LUMINESCENCE

This detects emitted light and converts it to electric signals.

photomultiplier tube

The stored information on the plates can be erased by exposing it to

Room-level fluorescent light

Advantages of CR

(1) the same plate can be used again and again; • (2) it does not require a dark room and developing chemicals; • (3) the produced image is digital and can be stored and manipulated electronically; • (4) these images have greater dynamic range, wider exposure latitude and reduced patient exposure.

CR uses a storage phosphor that requires light input to release the trapped energy in the form of light that is proportional to the X-ray intensity. It is referred to as?

photostimulable phosphor.

CR IRs can be ______ or fixed in a table or _____ x ray unit.

- Portable - Upright

Imaging Plate Layers PPRBB

- Protective layer - Photostimulable phosphor - Reflective layer - Base - Backing

The barium fluorohalide doped with europium is a combination of what? Typically 85% And 15%

Bromide & Iodide

• CR imaging requires a two step process for image acquisition:

• A. Image capture in the IP • B. Image readout

In CR, _____ is achieved using a rotating mirror.

Scanning

The signal from the imaging plate is read in a _______

CR Reader

Most phosphors used for CR emit light at the _____ end of the spectrum and need a scanning laser emitting ______ for simulation.

- Blue - Red light

• The time for a CR reader to extract the image from the plate is generally between about

30 and 45s

__ now describes digital radiography that uses a cassette system whereas __ is a direct capture image acquisition technology that uses digital plates,

- CR - DR

this component translates information (electrical signal) into digital data

analog digital converter (ADC)

Scanning time of the cassettes minimal, usually taking between

45 and 60 seconds

thid systems are heavy and are not easily configured for upright and recumbent imaging.

CCD DR

In CR system, replacing the standard 103 line per inch grid with a 170 line high frequency grid reduces?

Moiré artifacts

First CT Scanner was created by?

Siemens

this concept began with Albert Jutras in Canada (1950s)

PACS

Computed Radiography process was introduced in US in 1983 by?

Fuji Medical Systems

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RPC L2

RPC L2

RPC L3

RPC L3

RPC L4

RPC L4

ALE

ALE

RPC L5

RPC L5

RPC M1

RPC M1

RPC M1/2

RPC M1/2

RPC M2

RPC M2

RPC M2.5

RPC M2.5

RPC M3

RPC M3

Midterm

Midterm

MIDTERM

MIDTERM

Midterm

Midterm

RPC F1

RPC F1

FINALS #1

FINALS #1

RPC F2

RPC F2

RPC F3

RPC F3

Finals

Finals

Prelim

Prelim

ISI FINALS PROLOGUE

ISI FINALS PROLOGUE

ISI FINALS EPILOGUE

ISI FINALS EPILOGUE

ISI FINALE

ISI FINALE

Chapter 3.5/4

Chapter 3.5/4

RADBIO 1&2

RADBIO 1&2

RADPRO 1&2

RADPRO 1&2

CHAPTER 4+1 NOT COMPLETE

E · 60問 · 1年前

CHAPTER 4+1 NOT COMPLETE

RADBIO 3

RADBIO 3

RADPRO 3

RADPRO 3

Chapter Left

Chapter Left

POI P1

POI P1

POI P2

POI P2

POI P3

POI P3

QUIZ 4 PART

QUIZ 4 PART

1-3

1-3

4 SECTION PUTA

4 SECTION PUTA

M1 K Ver

M1 K Ver

M2 K Ver

M2 K Ver

1-3

1-3

RAD BIO 4

RAD BIO 4

Awa

Awa

not parts

not parts

RADBIO & RADPRO 5

RADBIO & RADPRO 5

RADBIO & RADPRO 6

RADBIO & RADPRO 6

M4in

M4in

C5 Orig V1

C5 Orig V1

C5 Part 2

C5 Part 2

Urologic Procedures

Urologic Procedures

DRUGS

DRUGS

C5 Orig V2

C5 Orig V2

RAD BIO 7

RAD BIO 7

RAD BIO 8

RAD BIO 8

RAD PRO 6 & 7

RAD PRO 6 & 7

GI Procedures

GI Procedures

Compressed

Compressed

OMY TUBE

OMY TUBE

P2/3

P2/3

BREAST

BREAST

M1 PPT

M1 PPT

F1 Final

F1 Final

SPINE

SPINE

PRELIM FINALE

PRELIM FINALE

MIDTERM FINALE

MIDTERM FINALE

FINALS FINALE

FINALS FINALE

PPT4

PPT4

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

EXAM BASED

問題一覧

earliest calculating tool, invented thousand of years ago

Computer

two people who built a mechanical calculators using pegged wheels.

BLAISE PASCAL and GOTTFRIED LEIBNIZ

the first general purpose modern computer was developed in 1944 at Harvard University. Now called as the Mark I

Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator

the first general purpose electronic computer was developed in 1946 at the University of Pennsylvania.

ENIAC (electronic numerical integrator and calculator)

In 1948, developed a transistor, which led to the creation of a smaller computer.

WILLIAM SHOCKLEY

appeared in 1951 as the first commercially successful general purpose stored-program electronic digital computer.

UNIVAC (Universal automatic computer )

this word today is used as an abbreviation for any general purpose stored program electronic digital computer.

COMPUTER

identifies a computer as able to solve any solvable problem

General Purpose

designed for a particular singular task, such as control of an assembly line robot or an automobile ignition.

Special Purpose

have largely replaced analog computer.

Digital computers

- 1st Generation - 4th Generation

- generation of computer that is based on individually package transistor - generation of computer that used integrated circuits (IC) (1965-1971)

- 2nd Generation - 3rd Generation

consists of many transistors and other electronic elements fused on to a chip, a tiny piece of semiconductor material.

Integrated circuits

5th Generation

emerging branch in computer science, which interprets the means and method of making computers think like human beings.

5 Computer types of 5th generation DLNUC

• Desktop • Laptop • NoteBook • UltraBook • ChromeBook

smallest size of computer

Microcomputer

sizes of computer larger in capacity and flexibility

Minicomputer

size of computer used for very large applications such as the U.S census Bureau.

Mainframe computer

5 Types of Computers SMWMM

- Supercomputer - Microcomputer - Workstations - Mainframe Computer - Minicomputer

introduction of computers has expanded the domain of diagnostic imaging, making modalities possible such as CMD

- Computer Tomography - Magnetic Resonance - Digital Subtraction Angiography

offers the chance of obtaining information from X-ray examinations in digital form so that the advantages of the digital techniques can be applied to conventional x-ray

Computed radiography (CR)

In Computed Radiography, the film cassette is called?

Imaging Plate

STEPS

The cassettes is then placed into a _______ with a ____ shone on to it which releases the stored photons, collects the signal, and digitizes it to be displayed on a display screen.

- Reader - Laser

Within CR cassette is a what type of screen detector that stores latent image upon x-ray exposure

Photostimulable Storage Phosphor

Photostimulable phosphor plate used in CR are flexible plates that are _ mm thick and are coated with ______ activated fluorohalide compounds

- 1 mm - europium

it is the emission of light when stimulated by radiation

PHOTOSTIMULABLE LUMINESCENCE

This detects emitted light and converts it to electric signals.

photomultiplier tube

The stored information on the plates can be erased by exposing it to

Room-level fluorescent light

Advantages of CR

CR uses a storage phosphor that requires light input to release the trapped energy in the form of light that is proportional to the X-ray intensity. It is referred to as?

photostimulable phosphor.

CR IRs can be ______ or fixed in a table or _____ x ray unit.

- Portable - Upright

Imaging Plate Layers PPRBB

- Protective layer - Photostimulable phosphor - Reflective layer - Base - Backing

The barium fluorohalide doped with europium is a combination of what? Typically 85% And 15%

Bromide & Iodide

• CR imaging requires a two step process for image acquisition:

• A. Image capture in the IP • B. Image readout

In CR, _____ is achieved using a rotating mirror.

Scanning

The signal from the imaging plate is read in a _______

CR Reader

Most phosphors used for CR emit light at the _____ end of the spectrum and need a scanning laser emitting ______ for simulation.

- Blue - Red light

• The time for a CR reader to extract the image from the plate is generally between about

30 and 45s

__ now describes digital radiography that uses a cassette system whereas __ is a direct capture image acquisition technology that uses digital plates,

- CR - DR

this component translates information (electrical signal) into digital data

analog digital converter (ADC)

Scanning time of the cassettes minimal, usually taking between

45 and 60 seconds

thid systems are heavy and are not easily configured for upright and recumbent imaging.

CCD DR

In CR system, replacing the standard 103 line per inch grid with a 170 line high frequency grid reduces?

Moiré artifacts

First CT Scanner was created by?

Siemens

this concept began with Albert Jutras in Canada (1950s)

PACS

Computed Radiography process was introduced in US in 1983 by?

Fuji Medical Systems