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NUCLEAR (Module 8)
39問 • 1年前
  • Alexander Naje
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    Material that contains radioactive isotopes and emits ionizing radiation. Arise from sources like nuclear power plants, medical facilities, and industrial processes.

    Radioactive waste

  • 2

    Importance of Radioactive waste management

    Public health Environment safety Long-term sustainability Economic impact

  • 3

    Types of radioactive waste

    Low-level waste Intermediate-level waste High-level waste Transuranic waste

  • 4

    Waste with low amount of Radioactivity

    Low-level waste

  • 5

    Waste with higher level of radioactivity

    intermediate-level waste

  • 6

    Waste with most radioactive isotopes with long half-lives

    High-level waste

  • 7

    Waste that contains radioactive isotopes w/ atomic no. greater than uranium, have long half-lives, and pose a persistent threat.

    Transuranic waste

  • 8

    Sources of radioactive waste

    Nuclear powerplant Medical and research institutions Indistrial sources Military and defense

  • 9

    Radiation Exposure

    Chronic exposure Acute exposure Long term effects

  • 10

    Radiation exposure with high doses over a short time

    Acute exposure

  • 11

    Radiation Exposure with low doses of radiation exposure over long period

    Chronic Exposure

  • 12

    Radiation exposure that cause health problems after years of exposure.

    Long term effects

  • 13

    Long term environmental impacts of radioactive waste

    Contamination Bioaccumulation Genetic damage

  • 14

    Radioactive waste management strategies

    Waste Minimization Containment Storage Dosposal

  • 15

    Reducing the volume and radioactivity of waste produced.

    Waste Minimization

  • 16

    Prevent the release of radioactive materials into the environment

    Containment

  • 17

    Temporary or long-term holding of radioactive waste.

    Storage

  • 18

    Process of permanently isolating radioactive waste from environment to protect human health.

    Disposal

  • 19

    Disposal Methods

    Near-Surface Disposal Borehole Disposal Engineered Lanfill Disposal Deep Geological Disposal

  • 20

    Method of managing low-level waste by burying it close to the earth surface.

    Near-surface disposal

  • 21

    Method of isolating high-level waste and long-lived intermediate-level wastes in geological formations underground.

    Deep geological disposal

  • 22

    Method of isolating highly radioactive waste in deep, narrow boreholes into earth's crust.

    Borehole disposal

  • 23

    Disposing LLW in specially designed, controlled landfills.

    Engineered Landfill Disposal

  • 24

    Countries with advanced radioactive waste management

    Finland Sweden United states

  • 25

    Leader in radioactive waste management and the home to Onkalo Repository

    Finland

  • 26

    First Deep Geological Repository

    Onkalo Repository

  • 27

    Another pioneer in geological disposal and in process of Forsmark deep geological repository

    Sweden

  • 28

    Long history of managing radioactive waste.

    United states

  • 29

    US repository

    Yucca mountain repository

  • 30

    Study of heat transfer and fluid flow in nuclear reactors.

    Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics

  • 31

    Use heat transfer and fluid flow to generate energy safely.

    Nuclear Reactor Systems

  • 32

    Three modes of heat transfer.

    Conduction (Heat through solids) Convection (Heat via fluid movements) Radiation (Heat as electromagnetic waves)

  • 33

    Types of flow

    Laminar flow (smooth & orderly) Turbulent flow (chaotic & mixed)

  • 34

    It circulate coolant to remove heat

    Reactor coolant pumps

  • 35

    Challenges that coolant faces within pipes.

    Flow resistance

  • 36

    Where energy is released by fission of uranium and plutonium in fuel rods.

    Reactor core

  • 37

    Converts the heat from reactor to steam.

    Steam generator

  • 38

    Steam leaving the turbine and enters it.

    Condenser

  • 39

    Challenges in Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics

    High heat loads Complex geometries Safety in extreme condition

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Material that contains radioactive isotopes and emits ionizing radiation. Arise from sources like nuclear power plants, medical facilities, and industrial processes.

    Radioactive waste

  • 2

    Importance of Radioactive waste management

    Public health Environment safety Long-term sustainability Economic impact

  • 3

    Types of radioactive waste

    Low-level waste Intermediate-level waste High-level waste Transuranic waste

  • 4

    Waste with low amount of Radioactivity

    Low-level waste

  • 5

    Waste with higher level of radioactivity

    intermediate-level waste

  • 6

    Waste with most radioactive isotopes with long half-lives

    High-level waste

  • 7

    Waste that contains radioactive isotopes w/ atomic no. greater than uranium, have long half-lives, and pose a persistent threat.

    Transuranic waste

  • 8

    Sources of radioactive waste

    Nuclear powerplant Medical and research institutions Indistrial sources Military and defense

  • 9

    Radiation Exposure

    Chronic exposure Acute exposure Long term effects

  • 10

    Radiation exposure with high doses over a short time

    Acute exposure

  • 11

    Radiation Exposure with low doses of radiation exposure over long period

    Chronic Exposure

  • 12

    Radiation exposure that cause health problems after years of exposure.

    Long term effects

  • 13

    Long term environmental impacts of radioactive waste

    Contamination Bioaccumulation Genetic damage

  • 14

    Radioactive waste management strategies

    Waste Minimization Containment Storage Dosposal

  • 15

    Reducing the volume and radioactivity of waste produced.

    Waste Minimization

  • 16

    Prevent the release of radioactive materials into the environment

    Containment

  • 17

    Temporary or long-term holding of radioactive waste.

    Storage

  • 18

    Process of permanently isolating radioactive waste from environment to protect human health.

    Disposal

  • 19

    Disposal Methods

    Near-Surface Disposal Borehole Disposal Engineered Lanfill Disposal Deep Geological Disposal

  • 20

    Method of managing low-level waste by burying it close to the earth surface.

    Near-surface disposal

  • 21

    Method of isolating high-level waste and long-lived intermediate-level wastes in geological formations underground.

    Deep geological disposal

  • 22

    Method of isolating highly radioactive waste in deep, narrow boreholes into earth's crust.

    Borehole disposal

  • 23

    Disposing LLW in specially designed, controlled landfills.

    Engineered Landfill Disposal

  • 24

    Countries with advanced radioactive waste management

    Finland Sweden United states

  • 25

    Leader in radioactive waste management and the home to Onkalo Repository

    Finland

  • 26

    First Deep Geological Repository

    Onkalo Repository

  • 27

    Another pioneer in geological disposal and in process of Forsmark deep geological repository

    Sweden

  • 28

    Long history of managing radioactive waste.

    United states

  • 29

    US repository

    Yucca mountain repository

  • 30

    Study of heat transfer and fluid flow in nuclear reactors.

    Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics

  • 31

    Use heat transfer and fluid flow to generate energy safely.

    Nuclear Reactor Systems

  • 32

    Three modes of heat transfer.

    Conduction (Heat through solids) Convection (Heat via fluid movements) Radiation (Heat as electromagnetic waves)

  • 33

    Types of flow

    Laminar flow (smooth & orderly) Turbulent flow (chaotic & mixed)

  • 34

    It circulate coolant to remove heat

    Reactor coolant pumps

  • 35

    Challenges that coolant faces within pipes.

    Flow resistance

  • 36

    Where energy is released by fission of uranium and plutonium in fuel rods.

    Reactor core

  • 37

    Converts the heat from reactor to steam.

    Steam generator

  • 38

    Steam leaving the turbine and enters it.

    Condenser

  • 39

    Challenges in Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics

    High heat loads Complex geometries Safety in extreme condition