The base thymine found in DNA is replaced by uracil in RNA (T/F)

How long does a human genes nucleotide units?

Ribose is present in RNA and 2-deoxyribose is present in DNA

No prefix is used when the sugar present is ribose (T/F).

A process by which several different protein variants are produced from a single gene

The two strands are connected by hydrogen bonds b etween their bases

The sugar unit in the backbone of RNA is ribose; it is deoxyribose in DNA (T/F)

A gene segment that codes for genetic information

Combines with specific proteins to form ribosomes

A segment of a DNA base sequence responsible for the production of a specific hnRNA/mRNA molecule

What is the two step process of transcription

What is the derivatives found only in RNA

A-T and G-C are called

What are Three pyrimidine derivatives

catalyzes the linkage of ribonucleotides one by one to form mRNA molecule

Who discover DNA

Found within cell nucleus

the sequence of bases on one polynucleotide is complementary to the other polynucleotide

pairs of bases in a nucleic acid structure that can hydrogen bond to each other.

What is the percentage of Mass Dna in chromosomes

Primary function is to synthesize the proteins

act as templates for the synthesis of new strands

The process involves excision of one or more exons

What are the two protein synthesis

Under cellular pH conditions, the phosphoric acid is fully dissocia ted to give a hydrogen phosphate ion (HPO₄²⁻) (T/F)

Enzyme can only function in the 5’-to-3’ direction

RNA molecules are much smaller than DNA molecules, ranging from 75 nucleotides to a few thousand nucleotides (T/F)

The poly nucleotides run anti-parallel (opposite directions) to each other, i.e., 5’ - 3’ and 3’ - 5’

(hnRNA)

A bidirectional from these sites (replication forks)

Cells of different kinds of organisms have different numbers of chromosomes. (T/F)

Passed from one cell to other during cell

Contains from 100 to 200 nucleotides

Alignment of free ribonucleotides along the exposed DNA strand (template) forming new base pairs (T/F)

The suffix for pyrimidine bases

checks the correct base pairing and catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester linkages

Sugar-phosphate groups are referred to as nucleic acid backbone

Multiple-site replication enables rapid DNA synthesis

a DNA segments that interrupt a genetic message

What is Backbone: of Phosphate-Sugar

A process by which DNA directs the synthesis of mRNA molecules

Hydrogen bonding is stronger with A-T and G-C

nucleotide polymer in which e ach of the monomers contains ribose, a phosphate group, a nd one of the heterocyclic bases adenine, cytosine, guanin e, or uracil

The splicing process is driven by

The molecular mass of mRNA varies with the length of the protein (T/F)

The histone–DNA complexes are called

The bases are located at the centerand hydrogen bonded (A=T and GΞC)

Polymers in which repeating unit is nucleotide

The suffix For purine bases

Upon DNA replication the large DNA molecules interacts with histone proteins to fold long DNA molecules

Carries instructions for protein synthesis (genetic information) fromDNA

Human genome is about?

Phosphate is the third component of a nucleotide, is derived from ?

Transcription ends when the RNA polymerase enzyme encounters a stop signal on the DNA template (True/False)

The prefix deoxy- is used to indicate that the sugar present is

What is the percentage of Mass protein in chromosomes

The secondary structure involves two polynucleotide chains coiled around each other in a helical fashion

5’ end has free phosphate and 3’ end has a free OH group

Facilitates the conversion of hnRNA to mRNA.

Phosphodiester should bond atm

RNA is a single-stranded molecule; DNA is doublestranded (double helix) (T/F)

When a —OH group present on carbon 2’

When a —H group present on carbon 2’

Formed directly byDNA transcription

Protein synthesis is directly under the direction of DNA (T/F)

tRNAs are the smallest (75–90 nucleotide units) T/F

One small and one large base can fit inside the DNA strands

What are the three components of nucleotides

third component of a nucleotide, is derived from ph osphoric acid (H3PO4 )

the physical site for protein synthesis

Excision of introns and joining of exons

The newly synthesized DNA has one new DNA strand and old DNA strand (T/F)

What is the backbone: -Peptide bond

usually occurs at multiple sites within a molecule (origin of replication)

Nucleic acids have secondary and tertiary structure

A process by which DNA directs the synthesis of mRNA molecules

What Two purine derivatives

Ribosomes have molecular masses on the order of 3 million (T/F)

are latter connected by DNA ligase

What is the BUILDING BLOCKS OF NUCLEIC ACID

The formation of a nucleotide from sugar, base, and phosphate

Primary structure is due to changes in the bases (T/F)

Process by which DNA molecules produce exact duplicates of themselves

Strands of DNA in a double helix with base pairin g such that each base is located opposite its complementary base.

RNA and DNA differ in the identity of the sugar unit in their nucleotides (T/F)

grows in segments (Okazaki fragments) in the opposite direction

All of the genetic material (the total DNA) contained in the chromosomes of an organism

There are a total five bases (four of them in most of DNA and RNAs

Chromosomes occur in matched (homologous) pairs. (T/F)

Human DNA contains 30% adenine, 30% thymine, 20% guanine and 20% cytocine (T/F)

Storage and transfer of genetic information

Occurs in all parts of cell

The unwinding process is governed by RNA polymerase (T/F)

Found in all nucleic acids

is a nucleotide polymer in which each of the monomers contains deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and one of the heterocyclic bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine.

What is the derivatives found only DNA

All of the mRNA molecules that can be generated from the genetic material in a genome

This are responsible for the formation of skin, hair, enzymes, hormones

The structure sequence of nucleotides is DNA and RNA (T/F)

a process in which mRNA is deciphered to synthesize a protein molecule