問題一覧
1
What is the primary fluid compartment within cells?
C) Intracellular Fluid
2
Which mechanism primarily regulates the movement of materials across compartments?
D) All of the above
3
Homeostasis refers to:
B) The maintenance of a stable internal environment.
4
In a negative feedback loop, the response:
Counteracts the initial stimulus.
5
The first law of thermodynamics states that:
B) Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
6
Entropy is a measure of:
B) Disorder in a system.
7
Which of the following particles has a positive charge?
B) Proton
8
In a Bohr diagram of an atom, what is represented in the nucleus?
B) Protons and neutrons
9
Atoms with a full outer electron shell are typically:
B) Stable
10
Cations:
B) Positively charged ions.
11
Which of the following is NOT one of the four classes of biomolecules?
C) Vitamins
12
The building blocks of proteins are:
B) Amino acids
13
Activation energy is:
B) The energy needed to start a reaction.
14
An endergonic reaction:
B) Requires energy input.
15
Enzymes function to:
B) Lower the activation energy of reactions.
16
In the context of protein-binding reactions, specificity refers to:
C) The ability to bind to a specific ligand.
17
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
B) S phase
18
What is checked at the G1 checkpoint?
B) Cell size and DNA integrity
19
A nucleotide is composed of:
C) A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
20
Which of the following correctly describes DNA structure?
B) Double-stranded with thymine
21
Which enzyme unwinds the DNA during replication?
D) Helicase
22
Okazaki fragments are associated with which strand during DNA replication?
B) Lagging strand
23
Transcription occurs in which part of the cell?
B) Nucleus
24
The start codon for translation is:
B) AUG
25
Which site in the ribosome holds the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide chain?
B) P-site
26
Which process does NOT require energy?
C) Facilitated diffusion
27
Which of the following statements about selective permeability is TRUE?
B) It maintains homeostasis by regulating entry and exit of substances.
28
In a hypertonic solution, cells will:
B) Shrink
29
An isotonic solution has:
C) Equal solute concentration to the cell.
30
Which type of bond involves the transfer of electrons?
B) Ionic bond
31
The octet rule states that atoms are most stable when they have:
C) Eight electrons in the outer shell.