問題一覧
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A serious disruption
disaster
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Activity that may cause loss of life, injury, property damage, etc.
hazards
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Meaning of phivolcs
philippine institute of volcanology and seismology
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Meaning of pagasa
philippine atmospheric geophysical and astronomical services administration
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Meaning of nga
national government agencies
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Meaning of ngo
non-government organization
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Meaning of lgu
local government unit
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If it poses a threat to people
hazard
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If it damages or hurt people
disaster
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Process of people, place, environment that could be affected by future harm, loss or damage
exposure
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Elements exposed to hazards
physical hazard cultural hazard environmental hazard economic hazard
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Defined as Environment that can harm the body without necessarily touching it
physical hazard
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Known as social hazards, result for location, status, occupation and behavioral choices
cultural hazard
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Refers to major natural disaster which can the do have severe negative short run economic impacts
economic hazard
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Has the potential to threaten the surrounding natural environment and adversely affect people's health
environmental hazard
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Vulnerable sectors
agriculture and food watersheds coastal and marine resources human health
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Climate related changes disrupt farming activities and agricultural production resulting physical factors
agriculture and food
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Because of the pollution a stable resource use and additional pressure brought by climate change
watersheds
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Due to natural causes or human induced activities and without climate change
coastal and marine resources
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Infectious disease that are climate sensitive become vulnerable
human health
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Human factors
wealth education governance technology age gender
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Poor are less able to afford housing and less likely to have access to medical care
wealth
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With education we can learn how to avoid or reduce many impacts
education
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Taken advance policies that reduce vulnerability
governance
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It can improve our ability to forecast extreme events with sense the impact of events
technology
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Children and elderly tend to be more vulnerable
age
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Women are often more vulnerable to hazards
gender
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Used in estimating how much mitigation and preparedness measure will be applied
quantifying vulnerability
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Ratio of casualties/injured to the population
people
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Express as repair cost or degree of damage
buildings
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Signifies the possibility of adverse effects in the future
risk factors
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Three types of seismic waves
primary waves secondary wave surface waves
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How often a vibration occurs
frequency
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The rate of change of position along a straight line
velocity
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What we feel with energy built up
ground shaking
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At which system naturally vibrates
natural frequency
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The time in seconds
period
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Is the rate of change of velocity
acceleration
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Push and pull the ground during the surface and known as surface rupture
ground rupture
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Four types of faults
normal fault hanging wall thrust fault strike slip fault
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Downward movement of the ground
normal fault
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Black on the right side of the fault
hanging wall
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Upward movement
thrust fault
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Horizontal shifting
strike slip fault
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Two types of strike
left lateral and right lateral
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Types of liquefaction feature
flow failure lateral spreads ground oscillation
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The most dangerous
flow failure
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Blocks are broken pieces of the flat ground less than 3°
lateral spreads
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The ground is unable to spread and instead oscillates like a wave back forth up and down
grab oscillation