問題一覧
1
It is a drug that interferes with the production of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine
a-methyl-p-tyrosine( AMPT)
2
It is a gaseous neurotransmitters that performs a type of signaling between neurons
nitric oxide
3
Perceive benefit from inactive substance or procedures
placebo effect
4
A substance produced during the synthesis of catecholamines that is also administered as a treatment for parkinson's disease
L-dopa
5
A compound extracted from opium used to treat pain
morphine
6
Gaba is a synthesized form of glutamate through the action of the enzyme ____?
glutamic acid decarbulase (gad)
7
A substance derived from amazonian plants causes paralysis by blocking the nicotinic ach receptor
curare
8
One of the monoamine/catecholamine neurotransmitters; also known as adrenaline
epinephrine
9
One of the subgroup of monoamines (serotonin and melatonin)
indoleamine
10
The most significant source of norepinephrine is the ______ of the pons
locus coeruleus
11
An essential component of proteins
amino acid
12
A bacteria found in spoiled food, prevent the release of ach at the neuromuscular junction and at the synopsis of the autonomic nervous system.
clostridium botulinum
13
a compulsive craving for drug effects or other experience
addiction
14
It is a major subtype of cholinergic receptors which is a postsynaptic receptor that responds nicotine and ach
nicotinic receptor
15
A major small molecule neurotransmitter used at the neuromuscular junction, in the ans, and in the cns
acetylcholine
16
A brain stem area in which the blood brain barrier is more permeable, triggers vomiting in response to the detection of circulating toxin
area postrema
17
What are the three receptors of glutamate
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA, kainate
18
An illegal liquid sedative that appears to affect the threshold of response for number of neurotransmitter
gamma hydroxybutyrate (ghb)
19
Among the 20 basic amino acids that are used to build other proteins
glutamate
20
A substance derived from a plant that deplet supplies of monoamines by interfering with the uptake of monoamines into synaptic vesicle; used to treat high blood pressure but often produces depression
reserpine
21
A stimulant drug found in coffee tea cola and chocolate that acts as antagonist to adenosine
caffeine
22
Use medically to relieve pain or nausea to combat glaucoma (an eye disorder) and to increase appetite
cannabinoids
23
A natural occurring brain chemical that interacts with cannabinoid receptors
anandamine
24
This meet all or most of the proceeding criteria specified for neurotransmitters and play a vital role in neurotransmission
small molecule transmitters
25
The system occurs when certain addictive drugs are no longer administered or are administered in smaller quantities
withdrawal
26
It is a dopamine receptor subtypes wherein it serves as both post synaptic receptor and pre-synaptic auto receptors. This receptor class has been implicated in both reward and psychotic behavior
d2 receptors
27
Also acts as neurotransmitters in the cns and in connections between ans and vas deferens, bladder, heart, and gut.
adenosine
28
A possible candidate for naturally occurring cannabinoid in the nervous system
sn-2 arachidonate glycerol (2- AG)
29
A hallucinogen drug that resembles serotonin
lysurgic acid diethylamide (LSD)
30
P is a continued use of alcohol despite medical or social harm
alcoholism
31
Alcoholism can lead indirectly to _____ in which the ability to form new memories is impaired
korsakoff's syndrome
32
A major monoamine an indoleamine neurotransmitter our believed to participate in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite
serotonin
33
Results from the metabolic activities of mitochondria
acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA)
34
One of a group of chemical messengers that includes amino acid and amines
small molecule transmitters
35
An opium derivative used medicinally for cough suppression and pain relief
codeine
36
The source of two psychoactive substances, muscimol and ibotenic acid
amanita muscaria mushroom
37
Enzyme that breaks down monoamines
monoamine oxidase
38
The process in which more of a drug is needed to produce the same effect
tolerance
39
Neurons that release ach are said to be what?
cholinergic
40
A major ingredient of cannabis
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
41
an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter ach
Acetylcholinesterase
42
One of the major of biogenic amine neurotransmitters, including dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin
monoamine
43
It arises in the ventral pigmentum of the midbrain and projects to various part of the limbic system (hippocampus amygdala and nucleus accumbens). It participates in feelings of reward, and it plays on important role in addiction
mesolimic system
44
Stimulates the release of serotonin
ecstasy MDMA
45
A major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
glutamate
46
A chemical messenger that communicates across a synapse
neurotransmitter
47
it is a gaseous neurotransmitter involved with neural communication, the maintenance of blood pressure, and penile erection
nitric oxide
48
Within the axon terminal, monoamines that are not in case in vesicles are broken down by the action of the enzyme ____?
monoamine oxidase (MAO)
49
This enzyme acts on two building blocks, or precursors, to produce the ach
choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)
50
A drug that produces strong sedation by acting as a gaba agonist
barbiturate
51
A highly addictive drug that acts as a potent dopamine agonist
aphetamine
52
5 htp is converted into serotonin by the action of____.
5-HTP decarboxylase
53
A peptide that acts as a neurotransmitter, neuro modulator, or a neurohormone
neuropeptide
54
A byproduct of adenosine triphosphate that functions as a neurotransmitter
adenosine
55
A hallucinogen that acts as antagonist at the nmda glutamate receptor
phencyclidine
56
A major inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter of the central nervous system
gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
57
A substance that promotes the activity of neurotransmitter
agonist
58
A stimulant drug that is a major active component found in tobacco
nicotine
59
It is used to paralyzed muscles to prevent the formation of wrinkles and to treat a variety of medical conditions involving excess muscle tension
botox
60
Gaba receptors
GABAa, BABAb
61
A research design in which neither the participant or the experiment knows whether the participant is receiving a drug or a placebo until after the research is concluded
double blind experiment
62
Stimulate dopamine and norepinephrine release and inhibit the reuptake
methamphetamine
63
A major monoamine and kate kolamine neurotransmitter implicated in motor control, reward, and psychosis
dopamine
64
It is a disease caused by a bacteria found in spoiled food and it leads rapidly to paralysis and death
botulism
65
A powerful addictive dopamine agonist derived from the leaves of coca plants of south america
cocaine
66
A neurotransmitter that is involved with the perception of pain
adenosine
67
Adopaminergic structure belief to participate in reward and addiction
nucleus accumbens
68
A major tranquilizer that acts as gaba agonist
benzodiazepine
69
A green peyote cactus is a source for ___?
mescaline
70
A member of a group of related biogenic amines (dopamine, norephenamine, and epinephrine)
catecholamines
71
Serotonin synthesis begins with the dietary triatophan, which is converted into ___ by the action of ______.
5-HTP, trytophan hydroxylase
72
It is a major subtype of cholinergic receptor where where in it is a postsynaptic receptor that responds to both ach and muscarine
muscarinic receptor
73
A substance that interferes with the transport of released neurotransmitter molecules back into pre-synaptic terminal (antidepressant medication fluoxetine)
react take inhibitor
74
A major monoamine and catecholamine neurotransmitter
norepinephrine
75
These drugs are derived from opium puppy and stimulate endorphin receptors
opiates
76
A substance that reduces the action of neurotransmitter ( receptor blocker)
antagonist