CPL Human Perf.
問題一覧
1
Colored portion of the eye
Iris
2
Adjustable opening of the eye to
allow light in
Pupil
3
Light Receptors
Rods and Cones
4
Photosensitive layer, composed
of rods and cones
Retina
5
Sends all the information
gathered to the brain
Optic Nerve
6
Small, notched area behind the
lens of the retina
Fovea
7
The rods are 10,000 times more sensitive to light than the cones, which make
them the primary receptors for _____
Night Vision
8
Rods are able to detect images in the dark because they create a chemical
called ____, also referred to as ____.
As it is formed, the rods can take up to 30 minutes to fully adapt to the dark
Dark Adaption, Rhodopsin, Visual Purple
9
Caused by staring at a single point against
a dark background for more than a few
seconds then after a few moments, the
light will appear to move on its own
Autokinesis
10
The eyes see things larger than normal because of lack of visual reference
Night Myopia
11
Can occur when the natural horizon is obscured or not readily apparent. It can be generated by confusing bright stars and city lights
False Horizon
12
Caused by a wide variety of factors. For example,
weather conditions that reduce visibility, such as rain, haze, or fog; and flying
over water, at night, or over featureless terrain, such as snow, can cause you to
fly a lower-than-normal approach. Runway width and slope can also cause this.
Landing Illusions
13
A light flickering at a frequency of 4 to 20 flashes
per second can produce ____ and
although rare, it can lead to convulsions, nausea,
or unconsciousness.
Flicker Vertigo
14
The lack of orientation with regard to the position,
attitude, or movement of the airplane in space.
Spatial Disorientation
15
Located in your inner ear, consists of the vestibule and three semicircular
canals. The utricle and saccule organs within the vestibule are responsible for
the perception of gravity and linear acceleration
Vestibular System
16
Nausea, sweating, dizziness, and vomiting
are some of the symptoms of ____ , which often is caused by spatial
disorientation.
Motion Sickness
17
Occurs when the tissues in the body do not receive enough oxygen. Can be caused by several factors including an insufficient supply of
oxygen, inadequate transportation of oxygen, or the inability of the body tissues
to use oxygen.
Hypoxia
18
Can occur very suddenly at high altitudes during rapid
decompression, or it can occur slowly at lower altitudes when you are exposed
to insufficient oxygen over an extended period of time.
Most Common in aviation
• There’s insufficient oxygen in the
lungs for proper transfer to take
place
• Lack of available oxygen in the
atmosphere
Hypoxic Hypoxia
19
When your blood is not able to carry a sufficient amount of oxygen to your
body’s cells. This type of hypoxia can be caused by any condition that results in
a reduced number of healthy blood cells such as anemia, disease, blood loss, or
deformed blood cells.Can be caused by any factor, such as carbon monoxide
poisoning, that interferes with the attachment of oxygen to the blood’s
hemoglobin. Because it attaches itself to the hemoglobin about 200 times more
easily than does oxygen, carbon monoxide (CO) prevents the blood from
carrying sufficient oxygen.
Hypemic Hypoxia
20
Oxygen deficiency in the body due to poor
circulation in the blood.
• In flight, this can be the result when pulling
too much “+G” or G loads
Stagnant Hypoxia
21
• Inability of the cells to effectively use
oxygen
• Causes of it could be from alcohol intake,
drug intake or cyanide poisoning
Histotoxic Hypoxia
22
occurs when an individual is experiencing emotional stress, fright, or pain, and the breathing rate and depth increase, although the carbon dioxide level in the blood is already at a reduced level.
Hyperventilation
23
is the body’s reaction to the physical and psychological demands placed upon it.
Stress
24
in relation to aviators, produced by the aircraft, such as
fighting severe turbulence, icing conditions, malfunctioning of the equipment
Physical Stress
25
Some of it, emotional and some resulting from the
demanding intellectual activity required for successful flight operations
Psychological Stress
26
Depletion of body energy reserves, leading to below-par performance
Fatigue
27
• Short lived and normal occurrence in everyday living.
• A kind of tiredness after a period of strenuous effort, excitement or lack
of sleep.
• Rest after exertion and eight hours of sleep ordinarily cures this
Acute Fatigue
28
• Usually has a psychological roots.
• May experience this condition in the form of weakness, tiredness,
palpitations of heart, breathlessness, headaches, or irritability.
• It can lead to emotional illness.
• Self-help cures are rare
• Above all, DON’T FLY!
Chronic Fatigue
29
Is a systematic approach to the mental
process used by aircraft pilots to consistently determine the best course of
action in response to a given set of circumstances.
Aeronautical Decision Making
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10問 • 1年前問題一覧
1
Colored portion of the eye
Iris
2
Adjustable opening of the eye to
allow light in
Pupil
3
Light Receptors
Rods and Cones
4
Photosensitive layer, composed
of rods and cones
Retina
5
Sends all the information
gathered to the brain
Optic Nerve
6
Small, notched area behind the
lens of the retina
Fovea
7
The rods are 10,000 times more sensitive to light than the cones, which make
them the primary receptors for _____
Night Vision
8
Rods are able to detect images in the dark because they create a chemical
called ____, also referred to as ____.
As it is formed, the rods can take up to 30 minutes to fully adapt to the dark
Dark Adaption, Rhodopsin, Visual Purple
9
Caused by staring at a single point against
a dark background for more than a few
seconds then after a few moments, the
light will appear to move on its own
Autokinesis
10
The eyes see things larger than normal because of lack of visual reference
Night Myopia
11
Can occur when the natural horizon is obscured or not readily apparent. It can be generated by confusing bright stars and city lights
False Horizon
12
Caused by a wide variety of factors. For example,
weather conditions that reduce visibility, such as rain, haze, or fog; and flying
over water, at night, or over featureless terrain, such as snow, can cause you to
fly a lower-than-normal approach. Runway width and slope can also cause this.
Landing Illusions
13
A light flickering at a frequency of 4 to 20 flashes
per second can produce ____ and
although rare, it can lead to convulsions, nausea,
or unconsciousness.
Flicker Vertigo
14
The lack of orientation with regard to the position,
attitude, or movement of the airplane in space.
Spatial Disorientation
15
Located in your inner ear, consists of the vestibule and three semicircular
canals. The utricle and saccule organs within the vestibule are responsible for
the perception of gravity and linear acceleration
Vestibular System
16
Nausea, sweating, dizziness, and vomiting
are some of the symptoms of ____ , which often is caused by spatial
disorientation.
Motion Sickness
17
Occurs when the tissues in the body do not receive enough oxygen. Can be caused by several factors including an insufficient supply of
oxygen, inadequate transportation of oxygen, or the inability of the body tissues
to use oxygen.
Hypoxia
18
Can occur very suddenly at high altitudes during rapid
decompression, or it can occur slowly at lower altitudes when you are exposed
to insufficient oxygen over an extended period of time.
Most Common in aviation
• There’s insufficient oxygen in the
lungs for proper transfer to take
place
• Lack of available oxygen in the
atmosphere
Hypoxic Hypoxia
19
When your blood is not able to carry a sufficient amount of oxygen to your
body’s cells. This type of hypoxia can be caused by any condition that results in
a reduced number of healthy blood cells such as anemia, disease, blood loss, or
deformed blood cells.Can be caused by any factor, such as carbon monoxide
poisoning, that interferes with the attachment of oxygen to the blood’s
hemoglobin. Because it attaches itself to the hemoglobin about 200 times more
easily than does oxygen, carbon monoxide (CO) prevents the blood from
carrying sufficient oxygen.
Hypemic Hypoxia
20
Oxygen deficiency in the body due to poor
circulation in the blood.
• In flight, this can be the result when pulling
too much “+G” or G loads
Stagnant Hypoxia
21
• Inability of the cells to effectively use
oxygen
• Causes of it could be from alcohol intake,
drug intake or cyanide poisoning
Histotoxic Hypoxia
22
occurs when an individual is experiencing emotional stress, fright, or pain, and the breathing rate and depth increase, although the carbon dioxide level in the blood is already at a reduced level.
Hyperventilation
23
is the body’s reaction to the physical and psychological demands placed upon it.
Stress
24
in relation to aviators, produced by the aircraft, such as
fighting severe turbulence, icing conditions, malfunctioning of the equipment
Physical Stress
25
Some of it, emotional and some resulting from the
demanding intellectual activity required for successful flight operations
Psychological Stress
26
Depletion of body energy reserves, leading to below-par performance
Fatigue
27
• Short lived and normal occurrence in everyday living.
• A kind of tiredness after a period of strenuous effort, excitement or lack
of sleep.
• Rest after exertion and eight hours of sleep ordinarily cures this
Acute Fatigue
28
• Usually has a psychological roots.
• May experience this condition in the form of weakness, tiredness,
palpitations of heart, breathlessness, headaches, or irritability.
• It can lead to emotional illness.
• Self-help cures are rare
• Above all, DON’T FLY!
Chronic Fatigue
29
Is a systematic approach to the mental
process used by aircraft pilots to consistently determine the best course of
action in response to a given set of circumstances.
Aeronautical Decision Making