teairma chapter 6

31問 • 1年前

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encompasses a wide range of businesses, called airlines, which offer air transport services for paying customers or business partners.

airline industry

refers to companies that offer air transport services to paying customers

airline industry

includes all aviation related businesses.

aviation industry

includes all aviation related businesses.

aviation industry

group of the largest, most high-profile and most successful airlines. They make billions in revenue each year and operate large passenger jets.

international airlines

represent the next step down from the largest international airlines. They will typically offer both medium-sized and large-sized jets and will often focus on offering services to areas within their home country, but many will offer access to international destinations too.

national airlines

the smallest of the three main types and focus on offering services within specific regions. In many cases, they provide passenger services to parts of the world with lower levels of demand and where services are not offered by either national or international airlines.

regional airlines

These airlines have annual revenue of 20 to 100 million dollars with more than 60 seats.

large regionals

These airlines have operating revenue of under 20 million dollars and use small aircraft with an average of 40-60 seats.

medium regionals

These airlines are usually referred to as “commuter airlines” and use small aircraft

small regionals

These airlines operate based on a schedule and regular routes.

scheduled airlines

These are also called charter airlines. These airlines do not fly based on schedule and usually operate during off-peak hours, and are flexible in terms of choice of airport, flight times, and load factors.

non scheduled airlines

airlines that operate with a business model that includes offering a range of pre-flight and on-board services with the price of the ticket.

full service carriers

airlines that aim to gain a competitive advantage over full-service carriers by reducing costs.

low cost carriers

known as holiday carriers, focused very firmly on providing passenger services to tourists.

charter airlines

Also known as air freight carriers, are airlines that are either solely or primarily focused on the air transportation of cargo or freight.

cargo airlines

refers to a designated route for aircraft flying from a specific airport to another at specified minimum altitudes

airline routes

refers to the distance of a flight from the point of origin to the destination.

flight length

form of travel by air for less than three (3) to four (4) hours.

short haul

form of travel by air for about four (4) to eight (8) hours.

medium haul

form of travel by air that takes up to 13 hours.

long haul

form of travel by air that is beyond 13 hours.

ultra long haul

This is where a traveler goes from Point A to Point B on the same aircraft, having no stop in between.

nonstop flight

traveler goes from Point A to Point B on the same aircraft but will have to stop at another airport in between.

direct flight

traveler must change planes with different flight numbers once or more to get to his/her destination.

connecting flight

To handle the airline matters, the government created an office under of the Department of Commerce and Communications.

1931

The first domestic airline, Philippine Airlines (PAL), was founded. PAL is now also the flagcarrier airline of the Philippines.

1941

The Civil Aeronautics Board and the Civil Aeronautics Administration was reorganized due to the Republic Act 776.

1952

The industry was liberalized with the establishment of domestic and international civil aviation liberalization policy and the government control was removed.

1995

Competing airlines increased. Due to this, PAL’s market share decreased. Moreover, here is the current airline industry in numbers

1999

the country has 71 airports. Eleven of them can handle international flights. 32 of them only accommodate domestic travel, and 28 of them are primarily used for general navigation.

civil aviation authority of the philippines

tewriting chapt 5-7

christine soriano · 27問 · 1年前

tewriting chapt 5-7