M4in

33問 • 1年前

通報

問題一覧

caused by external force or violence

Traumatic injuries

leading cause of death among all persons under the age of 44.

Injuries

possible causes of injuries

• Motor vehicle accidents • Pedestrian accidents • Motorcycle accidents • Falls from heights • Assaults (stabbings and gunshot wounds) • Blunt trauma • Choking • Industrial accidents • Suicides • Drowning • Smoke inhalation • Sports injuries

Emergency Team Members

- Emergency physician, attending physician, and resident/medical student - General and/or specialty surgeon available (if indicated) - Two emergency registered nurses - Pediatric nurse (if required) - Radiologic technologist - Respiratory therapist - Phlebotomist - Anesthesiologist - Admitting clerk - House supervisor

The radiographer assesses the patient’s neurologic status and level of consciousness before beginning any procedure, and then reassesses every _ to __ minutes while the patient is in the department.

5-10 mins

This type of injury may result in a tear in the dura mater, the outer membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord, and a leakage of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may result.

Fracture

type of head injury where the brain tissue may swell. The swelling is limited by the confines of the skull, and the resulting pressure may cause extensive brain damage

Closed head injury

type of head injury the brain is vulnerable to damage and infection because its protective casing has been broken

Open head injury

What Type of Head Injury is this? - Varying levels of consciousness, ranging from drowsiness, confusion, irritability, and stupor to coma • Lucid periods followed by periods of unconsciousness are possible • Loss of reflexes • Changes in vital signs • Headache, visual disturbances, dizziness, and giddiness • Gait abnormalities • Unequal pupil dilation • Seizures, vomiting, and hemiparesis

Closed head injury

Type of Head injury - Abrasions, contusions, or lacerations apparent on the skull • A break or penetration in the skull or meninges apparent by inspection or on radiographic images • Basal fractures resulting in leakage of CSF, as demonstrated by leakage of blood on the sheet or dressing surrounded by a yellowish stain (the halo sign); CSF may leak from the nose or ears or as a postnasal drip • Varying levels of consciousness • Subconjunctival hemorrhage • Hearing loss • Periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes) • Facial nerve play

Open injury

Clinical Manifestations of what? • Misalignment of the face or teeth • Pain at the site of injury • Ecchymosis of the floor of mouth and buccal mucosa • Distortion of facial symmetry • Inability to close the jaw • Edema • Abnormal movement of face or jaw • Flatness of the cheek • Loss of sensation on the side of injury • Diplopia (double vision) • Blindness caused by detached retina • Nosebleed (epistaxis) • Conjunctival hemorrhage • Paresthesia • Halo sign (indicates skull base fracture with leaking CSF) • Changes in level of consciousness; unconscious patient may have respiratory distress or failure caused by obstruction of tongue, loose teeth, bleeding, or other body fluids in airway

Facial Injury

What Type of Spinal Cord injury? • Flaccid paralysis of the skeletal muscles below the level of the injury • Loss of all sensation (touch, pain, temperature, or pressure) below the level of injury; pain at the site of injury possible • Respiratory distress • Bradycardia • Loss of body temperature control • Absence of somatic and visceral sensations below the site of injury • Unstable, lowered blood pressure • Loss of ability to perspire below the level of injury • Bowel and bladder incontinence • Possible priapism in males

Complete Transection

What type of Spinal Cord injury • Asymmetrical, flaccid paralysis below the level of injury • Asymmetrical loss of reflexes • Some sensory retention: feeling of pain, temperature, pressure, and touch • Some somatic and visceral sensation • More stable blood pressure • Ability to perspire intact unilaterally • Possible priapism in males

Partial Transection

may not be obvious to the untrained eye. Often, there is swelling around the injured areas, pain, and deformity of the limb. All or some of these symptoms may be absent, and a closed fracture still may be present.

Closed fracture

indicates a visible wound that extends between the fracture and the skin surface. The broken bone itself often breaks through the soft tissue, making the fracture clearly visible.

Open fracture

2 fractures common among elderly patients

- Hip fractures - Femur fractures

clinical manifestation of what? • Pain and swelling • Functional loss • Deformity of the limb • Grating sound or feel (crepitus) if moved • Discoloration of surrounding tissue due to hemorrhage within tissue (closed fracture) • Overt bleeding (open fracture) • Possible signs and symptoms of shock

Fracture

Clinical manifestations of what? • Possible abrasions, lacerations, entry and exit bullet wounds, and seatbelt contusions • A rigid abdomen • Severe abdominal pain • Nausea and vomiting • Extreme thirst • Possible symptoms of hypovolemic shock

Abdominal Trauma/Acute Abdominal Distress

vital tool in trauma care, brings imaging services to patients unable to be moved to the radiology department due to their condition.

Mobile Imaging

A scraping or rubbing away of the surface skin by friction

Abrasion

Of or pertaining to the neck

Cervical

An injury that does not break the skin; caused by a blow to the body; characterized by swelling, discoloration, and pain

Contusion

An oozing of blood from a vessel into tissues, forming a discolored area on the skin

Ecchymosis

An abnormal pregnancy in which the embryo implants outside the uterine cavity

Ectopic pregnancy

A disturbance in the continuity of a bone

Fracture

Manner of moving or walking

Gait

Paralysis affecting one side of the body

Hemiparesis

Collection of blood in the pleural cavity

Hemothorax

Abnormally decreased volume of circulating fluid (plasma) in the body

Hypovolemic

Clearness of mind

Lucidity

An abnormal sensation, such as burning, itching, tickling, or tingling

Paresthesia

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity, resulting in collapse of the lung on the affected side

Pneumothorax

Pertaining to or characteristic of the body (soma)

Somatic

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RPC L2

RPC L2

RPC L3

RPC L3

RPC L4

RPC L4

ALE

ALE

RPC L5

RPC L5

RPC M1

RPC M1

RPC M1/2

RPC M1/2

RPC M2

RPC M2

RPC M2.5

RPC M2.5

RPC M3

RPC M3

問題一覧

caused by external force or violence

Traumatic injuries

leading cause of death among all persons under the age of 44.

Injuries

possible causes of injuries

Emergency Team Members

5-10 mins

This type of injury may result in a tear in the dura mater, the outer membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord, and a leakage of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may result.

Fracture

type of head injury where the brain tissue may swell. The swelling is limited by the confines of the skull, and the resulting pressure may cause extensive brain damage

Closed head injury

type of head injury the brain is vulnerable to damage and infection because its protective casing has been broken

Open head injury

Closed head injury

Open injury

Facial Injury

Complete Transection

Partial Transection

Closed fracture

indicates a visible wound that extends between the fracture and the skin surface. The broken bone itself often breaks through the soft tissue, making the fracture clearly visible.

Open fracture

2 fractures common among elderly patients

- Hip fractures - Femur fractures

Fracture

Abdominal Trauma/Acute Abdominal Distress

vital tool in trauma care, brings imaging services to patients unable to be moved to the radiology department due to their condition.

Mobile Imaging

A scraping or rubbing away of the surface skin by friction

Abrasion

Of or pertaining to the neck

Cervical

An injury that does not break the skin; caused by a blow to the body; characterized by swelling, discoloration, and pain

Contusion

An oozing of blood from a vessel into tissues, forming a discolored area on the skin

Ecchymosis

An abnormal pregnancy in which the embryo implants outside the uterine cavity

Ectopic pregnancy

A disturbance in the continuity of a bone

Fracture

Manner of moving or walking

Gait

Paralysis affecting one side of the body

Hemiparesis

Collection of blood in the pleural cavity

Hemothorax

Abnormally decreased volume of circulating fluid (plasma) in the body

Hypovolemic

Clearness of mind

Lucidity

An abnormal sensation, such as burning, itching, tickling, or tingling

Paresthesia

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity, resulting in collapse of the lung on the affected side

Pneumothorax

Pertaining to or characteristic of the body (soma)

Somatic