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fluoroscopy
100問 • 1年前
  • Shanks Redhaired
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    It is the domain of radiologist

    active diagnosis

  • 2

    What year Thomas Edison invented fluoroscope

    1896

  • 3

    What did edison invented in 1896

    fluoroscope

  • 4

    What is fluoroscope

    dynamic examination

  • 5

    Fluoroscopic imaging chain

    specialized x-ray tube image receptor

  • 6

    Image receptor in fluoroscopy

    fluoroscopic screen mirrors inage intensification

  • 7

    Image intensifications

    video camera monitor

  • 8

    Functional studies of fluoroscopy

    gi tract studies angiograms

  • 9

    Fluoroscopic positioning preview

    radiographers are trained in positioning unnecessary radiation exposure to patients is unethical fluoroscopic equipment should not be use to preview patient position

  • 10

    Who are trained in positioning

    radiographers

  • 11

    Radiographers are trained in what?

    positioning

  • 12

    What exposure to patient is unethical

    unnecessary radiation exposure

  • 13

    Unnecessary radiation exposure to patients is what?

    unethical

  • 14

    Unnecessary radiation exposure to who? Is unethical

    patient

  • 15

    It should not be use to preview patient position

    fluoroscopic equipment

  • 16

    Fluoroscopic equipment should not be use to what?

    preview patient position

  • 17

    Type of equipment in fluoroscopy

    c-arm under/over table raise and lower IR for accuracy full beam intercept

  • 18

    Raise and lower IR for accuracy can what?

    can vary beam geometry and resolution

  • 19

    Fluoroscopy mA range

    0.5-5.0 mA

  • 20

    Minimum SOD in fixed fluoroscopic equipment

    15"

  • 21

    15" minimum SOD used in what?

    fixed fluoroscopic equipment

  • 22

    15" minimum what is used in fixed fluoroscopic equipment

    SOD

  • 23

    Switch used in fluoroscopy

    foot switch

  • 24

    Early fluoroscopic screens

    very dim required dark adapted viewing low visual acuity

  • 25

    Vision used in early fluoroscopic screens

    scotopic vision (rods)

  • 26

    It is the vision of the eye under low light condition

    scotopic vision

  • 27

    What is scotopic vision

    vision of eye under low light condition

  • 28

    It is introduced in fluoroscopy in 1948

    image intensifications

  • 29

    What year image intensifications introduced

    1948

  • 30

    Image intensifications help fluoroscopic to have what?

    higher vision acuity

  • 31

    Vision use nowadays in fluoroscopy

    photopic vision (cones)

  • 32

    It is day light vision

    photopic vision

  • 33

    It depends primarily on the function of the retina cone cells

    photopic vision

  • 34

    What is photopic vision

    daylight vision depends on the function of the retina cone cells

  • 35

    Image intensifications tube components

    input screen photocathode electrostatic lenses magnification tubes anode output screen

  • 36

    Input screen compound

    0.1-0.2 mm layers of sodium activated cesium iodide

  • 37

    It converts x-ray beam to light

    input screen

  • 38

    Photocathode compound

    antimony cesium

  • 39

    When light from the fluorescent screen strikes this, photoelectron are emitted

    photocathode

  • 40

    When light from the fluorescent screen strikes photocathode, what are emitted?

    photoelectron

  • 41

    When what? from the fluorescent screen strikes photocathode, photoelectron are emitted

    light

  • 42

    When light from the what? strikes this, photoelectron are emitted

    fluorescent screen

  • 43

    It accelerate the electrons

    electrostatic lenses

  • 44

    It focus electron pattern across tube to anode

    electrostatic lenses

  • 45

    It is the primary source of brightness gain

    electrostatic lenses

  • 46

    It gives voltage to electrostatic lenses

    magnification tube

  • 47

    Greater voltage to electrostatic lenses function

    increases acceleration of electron shifts focal point away from anode

  • 48

    Dual focus tubes

    23/15

  • 49

    Size of focus tube used in operating normally

    9"

  • 50

    Size of focus tube used in operating magnifying

    6"

  • 51

    It is the input screen diameter

    magnification

  • 52

    It is the diameter used during exam

    magnification

  • 53

    What is magnification

    input screen diameter diameter used in exam

  • 54

    It is positively charged

    anode

  • 55

    Kvp used in anode

    25 kVp

  • 56

    In anode what allows the electron to pass through to output screen

    hole in center

  • 57

    The hole in center of the anode function

    allows electron to pass through to output screen

  • 58

    It is glass fluorescent screen

    output screen

  • 59

    Output screen is made of what element

    zinc-cadmium sulfide

  • 60

    It emit light when struck by electrons

    output screen

  • 61

    Total brightness gain

    minification x flux gain

  • 62

    It is a measurement a measurement of the increase in image brightness or intensification achieved by the conversion in the image intensification tube

    brightness gain

  • 63

    Brightness gain is a what? achieved by the conversion in the image intensification tube

    measurement of the increase in image brightness or intensification

  • 64

    Brightness gain is a measurement a measurement of the increase in image brightness or intensification achieved by what?

    by the conversion in the image intensification tube

  • 65

    The increased WHAT ?of the image is due to the multiplication of the light photons at the output phosphor compared to the incident x-ray photons which interact with the input phosphor.

    illumination

  • 66

    The increased illumination of the image is due to the what?

    multiplication of the light photons at the output phosphor compared to the incident x-ray photons which interact with the input phosphor.

  • 67

    Minification gain

    input screen diameter ²/output screen diameter ²

  • 68

    It is the Measurement of conversion efficiency of output screen

    flux gain

  • 69

    1 electron strikes out output screen emit how many light photons

    50 light photons

  • 70

    What is generator use in fluoroscopy

    Same as those used for static radiography

  • 71

    Brightness control in fluoroscopy

    automatic brightness control

  • 72

    circuit maintains the fluoroscopic image density and contrast at a constant br

    automatic brightness gain or automatic brightness control (abc)

  • 73

    ABC circuit is also known as the

    automatic brightness stabilizer

  • 74

    A detector monitors the brightness level of the image intensifier output phosphor.

    ABC

  • 75

    adjusts the fluoroscopic mA to maintain constant output brightness regardless of the thickness or density of the body part being examined.

    ABC

  • 76

    ABC adjusts WHAT? to maintain constant output brightness regardless of the thickness or density of the body part being examined.

    Fluoroscopic mA

  • 77

    The ABC adjusts the fluoroscopic mA to WHAT? regardless of the thickness or density of the body part being examined.

    maintain constant output brightness

  • 78

    ABC adjusts the fluoroscopic mA to maintain constant output brightness regardless of WHAT?

    the thickness or density of the body part being examined.

  • 79

    ABC is a what? monitors the brightness level of the image intensifier output phosphor.

    detector

  • 80

    ABC is a detector that WHAT?

    monitor the brightness level of the image intensifier output phosphor.

  • 81

    Automatic adjustments made to exposure factors by equipment

    automatic brightness stabilizer

  • 82

    Amplifies video signal rather than adjusting exposure factors

    automatic gain control

  • 83

    Fluoroscopic image qualities

    contrast resolution distortion quantum mottle

  • 84

    Controlled by amplitude of video signal

    contrast

  • 85

    Contrast is Controlled by what?

    amplitude of video signal

  • 86

    Contrast is affected by?

    scattered ionization radiation penumbra light scatter

  • 87

    Contrast in fluoroscopy is affected

    by the same factors as in static radiography.

  • 88

    The contrast is affected by the scattered radiation coming

    from the patient, light scatter at the input and output phosphors, and light scatter within the image intensifier itself.

  • 89

    produces scatter photons at the input phosphor and also produces limited background fog from incident x-ray photons which are transmitted through the image intensifier tube to the output screen.

    scattered radiation

  • 90

    scattered radiation produces scatter photons at WHAT? and also produces limited background fog from incident x-ray photons which are transmitted through the image intensifier tube to the output screen.

    input phosphor

  • 91

    Scattered radiation produces

    scatter photon limited background fog

  • 92

    Scattered radiation produces scatter photons at the input phosphor and also produces limited background fog from WHAT? which are transmitted through the image intensifier tube to the output screen.

    incident x-ray photons

  • 93

    Scattered radiation produces scatter photons at the input phosphor and also produces limited background fog from incident x-ray photons which are what?

    transmitted through the image intensifier tube to the output screen.

  • 94

    The output phosphor has WHAT? that is designed to prevent backscatter from the output phosphor to the input phosphor, but in reality, it does not block 100% of light photons from leaking back to the input phosphor.

    aluminum filter

  • 95

    The output phosphor has an aluminum filter that is to WHAT? from the output phosphor to the input phosphor, but in reality, it does not block 100% of light photons from leaking back to the input phosphor.

    prevent backscatter

  • 96

    The output phosphor has an aluminum filter that is designed to prevent backscatter from the output phosphor to the input phosphor, but in reality WHAT?

    it does not block 100% of light photons from leaking back to the input phosphor.

  • 97

    Video viewing

    resolution

  • 98

    Video viewing is limited by

    Limited by 525 line raster pattern of monitor

  • 99

    a scan pattern

    raster

  • 100

    a pattern of closely spaced rows of dots that form an image

    raster

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    It is the domain of radiologist

    active diagnosis

  • 2

    What year Thomas Edison invented fluoroscope

    1896

  • 3

    What did edison invented in 1896

    fluoroscope

  • 4

    What is fluoroscope

    dynamic examination

  • 5

    Fluoroscopic imaging chain

    specialized x-ray tube image receptor

  • 6

    Image receptor in fluoroscopy

    fluoroscopic screen mirrors inage intensification

  • 7

    Image intensifications

    video camera monitor

  • 8

    Functional studies of fluoroscopy

    gi tract studies angiograms

  • 9

    Fluoroscopic positioning preview

    radiographers are trained in positioning unnecessary radiation exposure to patients is unethical fluoroscopic equipment should not be use to preview patient position

  • 10

    Who are trained in positioning

    radiographers

  • 11

    Radiographers are trained in what?

    positioning

  • 12

    What exposure to patient is unethical

    unnecessary radiation exposure

  • 13

    Unnecessary radiation exposure to patients is what?

    unethical

  • 14

    Unnecessary radiation exposure to who? Is unethical

    patient

  • 15

    It should not be use to preview patient position

    fluoroscopic equipment

  • 16

    Fluoroscopic equipment should not be use to what?

    preview patient position

  • 17

    Type of equipment in fluoroscopy

    c-arm under/over table raise and lower IR for accuracy full beam intercept

  • 18

    Raise and lower IR for accuracy can what?

    can vary beam geometry and resolution

  • 19

    Fluoroscopy mA range

    0.5-5.0 mA

  • 20

    Minimum SOD in fixed fluoroscopic equipment

    15"

  • 21

    15" minimum SOD used in what?

    fixed fluoroscopic equipment

  • 22

    15" minimum what is used in fixed fluoroscopic equipment

    SOD

  • 23

    Switch used in fluoroscopy

    foot switch

  • 24

    Early fluoroscopic screens

    very dim required dark adapted viewing low visual acuity

  • 25

    Vision used in early fluoroscopic screens

    scotopic vision (rods)

  • 26

    It is the vision of the eye under low light condition

    scotopic vision

  • 27

    What is scotopic vision

    vision of eye under low light condition

  • 28

    It is introduced in fluoroscopy in 1948

    image intensifications

  • 29

    What year image intensifications introduced

    1948

  • 30

    Image intensifications help fluoroscopic to have what?

    higher vision acuity

  • 31

    Vision use nowadays in fluoroscopy

    photopic vision (cones)

  • 32

    It is day light vision

    photopic vision

  • 33

    It depends primarily on the function of the retina cone cells

    photopic vision

  • 34

    What is photopic vision

    daylight vision depends on the function of the retina cone cells

  • 35

    Image intensifications tube components

    input screen photocathode electrostatic lenses magnification tubes anode output screen

  • 36

    Input screen compound

    0.1-0.2 mm layers of sodium activated cesium iodide

  • 37

    It converts x-ray beam to light

    input screen

  • 38

    Photocathode compound

    antimony cesium

  • 39

    When light from the fluorescent screen strikes this, photoelectron are emitted

    photocathode

  • 40

    When light from the fluorescent screen strikes photocathode, what are emitted?

    photoelectron

  • 41

    When what? from the fluorescent screen strikes photocathode, photoelectron are emitted

    light

  • 42

    When light from the what? strikes this, photoelectron are emitted

    fluorescent screen

  • 43

    It accelerate the electrons

    electrostatic lenses

  • 44

    It focus electron pattern across tube to anode

    electrostatic lenses

  • 45

    It is the primary source of brightness gain

    electrostatic lenses

  • 46

    It gives voltage to electrostatic lenses

    magnification tube

  • 47

    Greater voltage to electrostatic lenses function

    increases acceleration of electron shifts focal point away from anode

  • 48

    Dual focus tubes

    23/15

  • 49

    Size of focus tube used in operating normally

    9"

  • 50

    Size of focus tube used in operating magnifying

    6"

  • 51

    It is the input screen diameter

    magnification

  • 52

    It is the diameter used during exam

    magnification

  • 53

    What is magnification

    input screen diameter diameter used in exam

  • 54

    It is positively charged

    anode

  • 55

    Kvp used in anode

    25 kVp

  • 56

    In anode what allows the electron to pass through to output screen

    hole in center

  • 57

    The hole in center of the anode function

    allows electron to pass through to output screen

  • 58

    It is glass fluorescent screen

    output screen

  • 59

    Output screen is made of what element

    zinc-cadmium sulfide

  • 60

    It emit light when struck by electrons

    output screen

  • 61

    Total brightness gain

    minification x flux gain

  • 62

    It is a measurement a measurement of the increase in image brightness or intensification achieved by the conversion in the image intensification tube

    brightness gain

  • 63

    Brightness gain is a what? achieved by the conversion in the image intensification tube

    measurement of the increase in image brightness or intensification

  • 64

    Brightness gain is a measurement a measurement of the increase in image brightness or intensification achieved by what?

    by the conversion in the image intensification tube

  • 65

    The increased WHAT ?of the image is due to the multiplication of the light photons at the output phosphor compared to the incident x-ray photons which interact with the input phosphor.

    illumination

  • 66

    The increased illumination of the image is due to the what?

    multiplication of the light photons at the output phosphor compared to the incident x-ray photons which interact with the input phosphor.

  • 67

    Minification gain

    input screen diameter ²/output screen diameter ²

  • 68

    It is the Measurement of conversion efficiency of output screen

    flux gain

  • 69

    1 electron strikes out output screen emit how many light photons

    50 light photons

  • 70

    What is generator use in fluoroscopy

    Same as those used for static radiography

  • 71

    Brightness control in fluoroscopy

    automatic brightness control

  • 72

    circuit maintains the fluoroscopic image density and contrast at a constant br

    automatic brightness gain or automatic brightness control (abc)

  • 73

    ABC circuit is also known as the

    automatic brightness stabilizer

  • 74

    A detector monitors the brightness level of the image intensifier output phosphor.

    ABC

  • 75

    adjusts the fluoroscopic mA to maintain constant output brightness regardless of the thickness or density of the body part being examined.

    ABC

  • 76

    ABC adjusts WHAT? to maintain constant output brightness regardless of the thickness or density of the body part being examined.

    Fluoroscopic mA

  • 77

    The ABC adjusts the fluoroscopic mA to WHAT? regardless of the thickness or density of the body part being examined.

    maintain constant output brightness

  • 78

    ABC adjusts the fluoroscopic mA to maintain constant output brightness regardless of WHAT?

    the thickness or density of the body part being examined.

  • 79

    ABC is a what? monitors the brightness level of the image intensifier output phosphor.

    detector

  • 80

    ABC is a detector that WHAT?

    monitor the brightness level of the image intensifier output phosphor.

  • 81

    Automatic adjustments made to exposure factors by equipment

    automatic brightness stabilizer

  • 82

    Amplifies video signal rather than adjusting exposure factors

    automatic gain control

  • 83

    Fluoroscopic image qualities

    contrast resolution distortion quantum mottle

  • 84

    Controlled by amplitude of video signal

    contrast

  • 85

    Contrast is Controlled by what?

    amplitude of video signal

  • 86

    Contrast is affected by?

    scattered ionization radiation penumbra light scatter

  • 87

    Contrast in fluoroscopy is affected

    by the same factors as in static radiography.

  • 88

    The contrast is affected by the scattered radiation coming

    from the patient, light scatter at the input and output phosphors, and light scatter within the image intensifier itself.

  • 89

    produces scatter photons at the input phosphor and also produces limited background fog from incident x-ray photons which are transmitted through the image intensifier tube to the output screen.

    scattered radiation

  • 90

    scattered radiation produces scatter photons at WHAT? and also produces limited background fog from incident x-ray photons which are transmitted through the image intensifier tube to the output screen.

    input phosphor

  • 91

    Scattered radiation produces

    scatter photon limited background fog

  • 92

    Scattered radiation produces scatter photons at the input phosphor and also produces limited background fog from WHAT? which are transmitted through the image intensifier tube to the output screen.

    incident x-ray photons

  • 93

    Scattered radiation produces scatter photons at the input phosphor and also produces limited background fog from incident x-ray photons which are what?

    transmitted through the image intensifier tube to the output screen.

  • 94

    The output phosphor has WHAT? that is designed to prevent backscatter from the output phosphor to the input phosphor, but in reality, it does not block 100% of light photons from leaking back to the input phosphor.

    aluminum filter

  • 95

    The output phosphor has an aluminum filter that is to WHAT? from the output phosphor to the input phosphor, but in reality, it does not block 100% of light photons from leaking back to the input phosphor.

    prevent backscatter

  • 96

    The output phosphor has an aluminum filter that is designed to prevent backscatter from the output phosphor to the input phosphor, but in reality WHAT?

    it does not block 100% of light photons from leaking back to the input phosphor.

  • 97

    Video viewing

    resolution

  • 98

    Video viewing is limited by

    Limited by 525 line raster pattern of monitor

  • 99

    a scan pattern

    raster

  • 100

    a pattern of closely spaced rows of dots that form an image

    raster