A cheque issued by the bank, payable to a payee as indicated by the person who buys the MC. It is often used in situations when the beneficiary does not accept cash or personal cheques.

a check that is presented to be cashed or deposited at a bank six months or more after the date it was written. The date when the check is presented to be cashed or deposited in a bank account is known as the payment date.

When the date mentioned on the cheque is yet to come. These types of cheques are issued on mutual agreement of payer and payee. However, these types of cheques cannot be paid before the date written on the cheque. It can only be paid on or after (up to three months) the date mentioned on the cheque. It is suggested to check the date written on the cheque before ccepting it from the payer. It is used very commonly in businesses as ________ can be taken as collateral.

A medium of exchange that can be used in place of hard currency. It is a cheque for a fixed amount that may be cashed or used in payment abroad after endorsement by the holder's signature

A financial account that is owned and used by a business or corporation. Checking or other types of demand deposit accounts are considered commercial accounts. The Federal Reserve instituted Regulation Q which prohibits banks from paying interest on this type of account.

Is one which is payable to a particular person. The payee can transfer an order cheque to someone else by signing his or her name on the back of it

Can be transferred by mere delivery; they need no endorsement. In simple words a cheque which is payable to any person who Presents it for payment at the bank counter

Is any check that is crossed with two parallel lines, either across the whole check or through the top left-hand corner of the check. This symbol means that the check can only be deposited directly into a bank account and cannot be Immediately cashed by a bank or any other credit institution

A cheque that is not crossed on the left corner and payable at the counter of the drawee bank on presentation of the cheque

When an earlier date is mentioned on the cheque than the date it is brought to the bank. These types of cheques remain valid for the duration of 3 months, after three months these types of cheques become invalid and cannot be encashed. Therefore, it is important to write the correct date on the cheque and encashed it before the duration of three months

If it is torn into two or more pieces. Such a cheque, if it presented for payment, will not be paid by the banker unless the mutilation is confirmed by the drawer of the cheque

A bank is the issuer of these types of cheques. The bank issues these cheques on behalf of an account holder to make a remittance to another person in the same city. Here the specified amount is debited from the bank account of the customer, and then, the cheque is issued by the bank. This is the reason banker's cheques are called Non-negotiable instruments as there is no room for banks to dishonour these cheques. They are valid for three months. They can be revalidated provided specific conditions are met

Established 1851, it was the first state bank.

It was renamed Bank of the Philippine Island in _____

The first paper money circulated in the Philippines, were Issued in 1852 by El Banco Español Filipino de Isabel II, the first bank established in the country. The banknote, "strong peso" in English, had denominations 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100.

The American authorities issued silver certificates, series dated 1903 to 1918, then later replaced these with treasury Certificates.

these Victory Notes were overprinted with the Central Bank of the Philippines, to announce its establishment in _____

El Banco Español Filipino De Isabel A. renamed _________

were authorized to issue banknotes during the American era, from 1908 to 1933 for the former and 1916 to 1937 for the latter, republic Act No. 211 dated 1 June 19-48 ordered the withdrawal of PNB notes from circulation

Between 1541 and 1945, the Forces printed millions of paper bills of several denominations to replace US-Philippine currency.

During the worst inflation in Philippine history, Filipinos would go to the market laden with _________ since one duck egg cost 75 pesos, and a box of matches more than 100 pesos

The Notes, as fiat money, had no back up reserves, thus, Filipinos dubbed it __________ money since it was next to worthless.

issued by different provinces and, in some instances, municipalities through their local currency boards to show resistance against the Japanese occupation.

The new 500 PHP notes were launched in _____ , the first 1,000 PHP notes were released in ______ , and 200 PHP notes were released in _____.

involves the process of managing the cash,investments and other financial assets of the business. The goal of these activities is to optimize current and medium-term liquidity and make solid financial decisions involving invested and investable assets.

The balance of money due to a firm for goods or services delivered or used but not yet paid for by customers.

A corporation or trust that invests the pooled capital of investors in financial securities.

refers to an account within the general ledger that represents a company's obligation to pay off a short-term debt to its creditors or suppliers.

Treasury departments are responsible for identifying, assessing, and mitigating financial risks, such as interest rate risk, currency risk, and credit risk. This includes implementing hedging strategies, establishing credit limits, and monitoring market conditions.

The danger that the value of a bond or other fixed-income investment will suffer due to a change in interest rates

The losses an international financial transaction may incur due to currency fluctuations.

The possibility of a loss resulting from a borrower's failure to repay a loan or meet contractual obligations

Treasury departments are responsible for managing the organization's debt, including issuing new debt, refinancing existing debt, and managing debt covenants. This involves negotiating favorable terms, minimizing borrowing costs, and ensuring compliance with debt agreements

A tailored strategy to help repay outstanding debt and financial obligations without using a new loan

Treasury teams are responsible for preparing financial reports, including cash flow statements, balance sheets, and income statements. This information is critical for internal decision-making and external reporting requirements.

This involves managing the organization's current assets and liabilities, including cash, accounts receivable, and inventory.

This involves planning and managing the organization's capital expenditures, such as investments in new equipment or facilities.

This involves developing financial forecasts, setting financial targets, and monitoring financial performance

Treasury departments are responsible for ensuring compliance with all relevant financial regulations, including tax laws, accounting standards, and securities regulations

Treasury management plays a critical role in developing and implementing the organization's overall financial strategy.

Treasury teams manage the organization's investments, including short-term and long-term investments, to maximize returns while maintaining appropriate risk levels. This involves selecting investment instruments, monitoring performance, and managing portfolio diversification.

Some common examples of short-term investments include:

Financial investments that can easily be converted to cash.

An account on the asset side of a company's balance sheet that represents the company's investments, including stocks, bonds, real estate. and cash.

Property consisting of land and any permanent structures or improvements on the land, whether natural or man-made.

also known as equity, is a security that represents the ownership of a fraction of the issuing corporation.

that pools money from shareholders to invest in securities.

A fixed-income instrument that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower (typically corporate or governmental).

is a type of pooled investment security that holds multiple underlying assets, rather than only one.

The treasury department of a bank is responsible for balancing and managing the daily cash flow and liquidity of funds within the bank. The department also handles the bank's investments in securities, foreign exchange and cash instruments

The key goal of treasury management is _____ , ______ and ______ to satisfy the financial objectives of the organization

The Treasurer’s functions can in principle be classified as follows:

(functions which can be found in every company)

(activities which are extremely company-specific and/or only form part of the treasury in selected cases), as well as

is a principal determinant in the entity’s financial strategy and financial policy enabling the entity to determine what businesses to invest in organising the appropriate funding for the varying business segments, and controlling the risk in the organisation.

Treasury Management - Function Financial Risk Management • • • • • Cash Management • • • • • • Funding Management • • • • •

Director of Finance and Administration Financial Operations - - - - Treasury - - - - - - Financial Planning - - - City Clerk - - - -

Types of check

Treasure Management Activities