Required to obtain all other elements from the soil so in a sense plants act as

an inorganic element - Acquired mostly in the form of inorganic ions from the soil.

A substance needed to survive or necessary for the synthesis of organic compounds.

Mineral nutrient deficiencies occur when the concentration of a nutrient

beneficial element

Also called Trace Elements - They are needed in very small amounts. (less than 10 mmole/kg of dry matter.

Are required in the largest amount (in excess of 10 mmole/kg of dry matte

macronutrients

micronutrients

is essential for plant development, since it plays a fundamental role in energy metablosim and protein synthesis. Nitrogen is absorbed by the plant in the form of nitrate. It promotes cellular multiplication.

NITROGEN

PHOSPHORUS

is involved in root growth, which it stimulates. In the aerial zone it flavors flowering. Although it is also necessary during the plant’s growth period, it is much more involved in the flowering stage.

POTASSIUM

stimulates flowering and the synthesis of carbohydrates and enzymes. This, in turn, provides an increase in the plant’s ability to withstand unfavorable environments such as low temperatures, and prevents withering.

CALCIUM

attaches to the walls of plant tissues, stabilizing the cell wall and favoring cell wall formation. it is also involved in cell growth and development. It neutralizes toxic substances in plants and contributes to seed formation.

Magnesium

constitutes the core of the chlorophyll molecule and is therefore essential for photosynthesis. This makes it an indispensable element for plant development.

participates in the formation of chlorophyll. It is necessary for performing photosynthesis and intervenes in protein synthesis and tissue formation. it is fundamental in the metabolizing of nitrogen since it improves nitrogen efficiency. and also improves plant defenses in general.

Sulfur

One of the most important micronutrients affecting membrane stability, B supports the structural and functional integrity of plant cell membranes.

Boron

determines solute concentration and anion cation balance in cells. It controls the electrical neutrality of K+ ions during the opening and closing of stomata. Cell division in leaves and roots.

chlorine

Copper

activates enzymes and catalyzes reactions in several plant-growth processes. The presence of it is closely linked to Vitamin A production, and it helps ensure successful protein synthesis

iron

component of many enzymes associated with energy transfer, nitrogen reduction and fixation, and lignin formation.

manganese

primarily as part of enzymes systems in plants. It activates several important metabolic reactions and plays a direct role in photosynthesis.

molybdenum

is a trace element found in the soil and is required for the synthesis and activity of the enzymes nitrate reductase.

zinc

it was one of the first micronutrients recognized as essential for plants and the one most commonly limiting yields. Although it is required only in small amounts, high yields are impossible without it.

Used to apply, iron, copper, and manganese.

Root growth favors a pH of

Those fertilizers which contain only one type of nutrient

Those fertilizers which have two or more than two nutrients n a specific ratio e.g. if a fertilizer contains NPK then the ratio will be 10, 14, 10

macronutrient constituent of amino acids, proteins, hormones, chlorophyll & vitamins

continuous series of natural processes by which nitrogen passes successively from air to soil to organisms and back to air or soil involving principally nitrogen fixation, nitrification, decay, and denitrification.

The process of nitrogen cycle:

loss of the green pigment of plants

the dead body tissue of plants