plant diseases symptoms

Ezekiel Emano · 76問 · 1年前

通報

問題一覧

Internal; seen only upon dissection of diseased plant portion and examination under the microscope.

Histological Symptoms

Malformations and other changes visible to the naked eye.

Morphological Symptoms

General Classification of Symptoms

Plesionecrotic Symptoms Hypoplastic symptoms Hyperplastic symptoms Necrotic symptoms

Pre-necrotic "near death"; changes before actual death of protoplast or cell; involves protoplasmic disorganization and degeneration

Plesionecrotic Symptoms

Involve death and protoplast, cell or tissue

Necrotic symptoms

Inhibition/failure in the differentiation or development of some aspect of plant growth

Hypoplastic symptoms

Excessive multiplication, enlargement or overdevelopment of plant organs including abnormal prolonged retention of green color.

Hyperplastic symptoms

- premature falling of leaves, fruits or flowers due to early laying down of the abscission layer

Abscission

-flow of plant sap from wounds.

Bleeding

Sudden death of young buds, inflorescence or the young fruits.

Blast

extensive, usually sudden, death of host tissue.

Blight

-large, irregular spots on leaves or fruits with necrotic injury of epidermal cells.

Blotch

often sunken necrotic area with cracked border that may appear in leaves, fruits, stems and branches

Canker

- overgrowth of tissue formed in response to injury in an effort of the plant to heal the wound.

Callus

-yellowing cause by some factor other than light, such as infection by a virus or a mycoplasma.

Chlorosis

- abnormal bending/leaf curling caused by over-growth on one side of leaf or localized growth in certain portions

Curling

-drying backward from the tip of twigs or branches.

Die-back

rotting of seedlings prior to emergence or rotting of seedling stems at an area just above the soil line.

Damping off

- yellowing of normally green tissues caused by inadequate light.

Etiolation

- yellowing of normally green tissues caused by inadequate light.

Etiolation

- clustering of roots, flowers, fruits or twigs around a common focus.

Fasciation

-oozing out of viscid gum from wounds in bark

Gumming/Gummosis

-due to the infectious agent often leads to death of the plant unless controlled in time.

Wilting

- extremely tiny spots on leaves, fruits, stems, etc

Flecks

-presence (leaves) of variegated patterns of green and a yellow shades with sharply defined borders

Mosaic

- infected fruit is converted to a hard, dry shriveled mummy.

Mummification

metamorphosis of sepals, petals, stamens, or carpels into leaf-like structures.

Phyllody

- variegation is less defined than mosaic and boundaries of light and dark variegated areas are more defused

Mottling

-define depressions/pits found on surface of fruits, tubers and other fleshy organs resulting in a pocked appearance.

Pitting

- disintegration and decomposition of host tissue

Rotting

-shortening of the internodes of shoots and stems forming a crowding of the foliage in a rosette

Rosetting

-superficial brownish roughening of the skin of fruits, tubers or other fleshy organs due to suberization of sub and epidermal tissues following injury to epidermis.

Russeting

-abnormal swelling of the bark above wounds due to the accumulation of food materials

Sarcody

perforated appearance of a leaf as the dead areas of local lesions drop out.

Shot-hole

-slightly raised, rough, ulcer-like lesions due to epidermal and cortical tissue overgrowth with rupturing and suberization of cell walls.

Scab

-cupping or pocketing of leaf parts, due to underdevelopment of veins of leaf margins.

Savoying

-localized necrotic area also referred to as a lesion, circular, angular or irregularly shaped.

Spot

- leaf veins are translucent or pale while the rest of the leaf is its normal color.

Vein clearing

long, narrow necrotic lesions on leaves or stems.

Streak/Stripe-

-development of chlorophyll in tissues or organs where it is normally absent.

Virescence/greening

injury when temperatures is below 0°C

Freezing

low temperatures slightly above freezing

Chilling injury -

Injury caused by too high temperature

Sunscald Heat necrosis of potato

Injury of too low temp

chilling injury freezing energy

- tissues a light-colored and blistered, due to prolonged exposure to high temperature and bright sunlight.

Sunscald

yellow or brown discoloration in the vascular system.

Heat necrosis of potato

-slightly raised, rough, ulcer-like lesions due to epidermal and cortical tissue overgrowth with rupturing and suberization of cell walls.

Scab

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