Data Science

89問 • 2年前

問題一覧

It is the study of data to extract meaningful insights for business.

data science

It is a multidisciplinary approach that combines principles and practices from the fields of mathematics, statistics, artificial intelligence, and computer engineering to analyze large amounts of data.

data science

refers to the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample.

statistics

refers to the simulation or approximation of human intelligence in machines. The goals of artificial intelligence include computer-enhanced learning, reasoning, and perception.

artificial intelligence

an umbrella term for solving problems for which development of algorithms by human programmers would be cost-prohibitive, and instead the problems are solved by helping machines "discover" their "own" algorithms, without needing to be explicitly told what to do by any human-developed algorithms.

machine learning

a software application or web interface that aims to mimic human conversation through text or voice interactions.

chatbot

a finite sequence of rigorous instructions, typically used to solve a class of specific problems or to perform a computation. These are used as specifications for performing calculations and data processing.

algorithm

is a robot system used for manufacturing. These are automated, programmable and capable of movement on three or more axes.

industrial robot

an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and linguistics. It is primarily concerned with giving computers the ability to support and manipulate speech.

natural language processing

generally self-employed and provides professional administrative, technical, or creative assistance to clients remotely from a home office.

virtual assistant

the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals, and some machines; there is also evidence for some kind of learning in certain plants.

learning

tasks include methods for acquiring, processing, analyzing and understanding digital images, and extraction of high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical or symbolic information, e.g.

computer vision

a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.

navigation

What is happening in the business?

descriptive analytics

Why did something happen?

diagnostic analytics

What is likely to happen next?

predictive analytics

What do I need to do next?

prescriptive analytics

-Understanding the problem -Asking the right questions -Looking for the right data to solve the problem -Gather the data

concept study

-choosing what model to use -what algorithm to use to solve the problem

model planning

results are presented and communicated

communicate results

-raw data is to be manipulated -data munching is done -data format is formed

data preparation

-implementation and execution of the model -putting the data for analysis

model building

the process of examining and interpreting data to extract valuable insights and make informed decisions. It involves the use of various techniques, tools, and technologies to analyze and manipulate data in order to discover patterns, trends, correlations, and other useful information.

data analytics

the most basic form of data analysis. It involves summarizing historical data to provide a clear picture of past events and trends.

descriptive analytics

This type of analytics helps in understanding what has happened, often through visualization techniques such as charts, graphs, and dashboards. It is useful for reporting and providing context.

descriptive analytics

a step further by examining historical data to understand why certain events or trends occurred.

diagnostic analytics

This type of analysis is valuable for troubleshooting problems and optimizing processes.

diagnostic analytics

uses historical data and statistical algorithms to forecast future outcomes or trends. It helps organizations make informed decisions by providing insights into potential future scenarios.

predictive analytics

Common applications include sales forecasting, demand prediction, and risk assessment.

predictive analytics

builds upon predictive analytics and suggests a course of action to achieve a desired outcome. It not only predicts future events but also provides recommendations for making the best decisions to optimize results.

prescriptive analytics

used in areas like supply chain optimization, healthcare treatment planning, and financial portfolio management.

prescriptive analytics

an open-ended approach used to investigate data for patterns and relationships. It is often used when the dataset is large or complex and the goal is to gain initial insights.

exploratory analytics

Visualization tools and statistical techniques are commonly used in this analytics to uncover hidden patterns and anomalies.

exploratory analytics

focuses on analyzing unstructured text data, such as customer reviews, social media posts, emails, and documents.

text analytics

Natural language processing (NLP) techniques are used to extract insights from text, including sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and information extraction.

text analytics

deals with geographic or location-based data. It involves analyzing data that has a spatial component, such as maps, GPS coordinates, and geographic information systems (GIS).

spatial analytics

is used in urban planning, environmental monitoring, and location-based marketing

spatial analytics

processes and analyzes data in real-time as it is generated. This is crucial for applications like fraud detection, IoT (Internet of Things) data analysis, and monitoring network performance.

streaming analytics

It helps businesses understand customer sentiment, track brand mentions, and assess the impact of social media campaigns.

social media analytics

involves the analysis of website and online user behavior data. It helps website owners optimize their web presence by understanding user interactions, traffic sources, and conversion rates.

web analytics

the fundamental building block upon which all analysis and insights are based. Understanding data, its sources, and its types is crucial for any data science practitioner.

data

refers to raw facts, information, or observations that are typically collected and stored in a structured or unstructured format. It can come in various forms, and it is the primary input for any data analysis process.

data

lacks a specific structure and includes text, images, videos, and more.

unstructured data

With the advent of technology and the internet, organizations now have access to vast amounts of data

big data

organized and follows a predefined format, often stored in databases or spreadsheets.

structured data

characterized by its volume, velocity, variety, and veracity. Managing and analyzing this require specialized tools and techniques.

big data

This is crucial for accurate analysis. Data may contain errors, duplicates, or inconsistencies, which can lead to incorrect conclusions.

data quality

these are essential steps in data preparation.

data cleansing and data quality assessment

Data obtained from sources outside the organization, including publicly available data, market research reports, government datasets, and social media data.

external data

Data generated and collected within an organization, such as sales records, customer data, employee information, and transaction logs.

internal data

In the context of IoT (Internet of Things), data from sensors and devices, such as temperature sensors, GPS devices, and wearable fitness trackers, can provide valuable insights.

sensor data

involves extracting data from websites and online sources. It is commonly used to gather data for text analytics, price monitoring, and competitive analysis

web scraping

Organizations often collect data through these to gather feedback, preferences, and opinions from customers or respondents.

survey and questionnaires

these platforms generate vast amounts of user-generated content that can be analyzed for sentiment analysis, trend identification, and customer insights.

social media

Data generated by automated processes, such as log files, system metrics, and event logs, is used for monitoring and troubleshooting.

machine-generated data

consists of numbers

numerical data

Data that can take any value within a range, such as temperature or age.

continuous

includes unstructured textual information and is commonly analyzed using natural language processing (NLP) techniques for sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and text classification

text data

represents categories or labels and is often used to group data into distinct classes, such as colors, product categories, or customer segments.

categorical data

Data that can only take specific, distinct values, such as the number of employees or items sold.

discrete

it is collected at regular time intervals and is used to analyze trends and patterns over time, such as stock prices, weather data, or website traffic

time series data

consists of only two possible values, often represented as 0 and 1, and is used in various contexts, including machine learning classification problems.

binary data

includes information with a geographic or spatial component, such as latitude and longitude coordinates or GIS (Geographic Information System) data.

spatial data

It has a user-friendly interface with various elements and functionalities that enable users to work with spreadsheets, perform calculations, create charts, and analyze data.

microsoft excel

is located at the top of the Excel window and consists of tabs, each containing groups of related commands.

ribbon

It provides access to most of Excel's features and functionalities, organized into categories like "Home," "Insert," "Page Layout," "Formulas," "Data," "Review," and "View."

ribbon

is located above the Ribbon and provides quick access to frequently used commands.

quick access toolbar

Users can customize this toolbar by adding their preferred commands.

quick access toolbar

the main Excel file that contains one or more worksheets

workbook

it is also called spreadsheet

workbook

Each of this is displayed in a separate tab at the bottom of the Excel window.

workbook

grid of rows and columns where users enter, manipulate, and analyze data.

worksheet (spreadsheet)

Each of this can contain text, numbers, formulas, and charts. Users can have multiple worksheets within a single workbook.

worksheet (spreadsheet)

run horizontally from left to right and are numbered numerically (1, 2, 3, ...).

rows

run vertically from top to bottom and are labeled alphabetically (A, B, C, ...).

columns

The intersection of a row and a column is called a ___ and each this is identified by a unique ____ reference (e.g., A1, B2).

cell

a fundamental unit in Excel where data can be entered. Users can input text, numbers, dates, and formulas into this

cell

a fundamental unit in Excel where data can be entered. Users can input text, numbers, dates, and formulas into this.

cell

The active cell is outlined, and its address is displayed in the ____ (located to the left of the Formula Bar).

name box

displays the content of the active cell, whether it's data, a formula, or a function. Users can edit cell contents directly from this.

formula bar

it displays the cell reference or name of the active cell. Users can also use it to quickly navigate to specific cells by entering cell references.

name box

start with an equal sign (=) and can include mathematical operators and cell references (e.g., "=A1+B2").

formulas

are predefined operations (e.g., SUM, AVERAGE) that can be used for calculations.

functions

is a small square in the lower-right corner of the active cell. It can be used to quickly fill adjacent cells with a series of values or to copy and autofill formulas.

fill handle

can be inserted and customized from the "Insert" tab.

charts

thistab allows users to set up page orientation, page size, margins, and headers/footers for printing worksheets.

page layout

this tab offers features for sorting, filtering, and managing data. It also includes tools for data validation, data import/export, and text-to-columns transformations.

data tools

contains tools for spell-checking, tracking changes, adding comments, and protecting worksheets and workbooks.

review and proofing

tab provides options for changing the view of the spreadsheet, including Normal, Page Layout, and Page Break Preview. It also allows users to split the worksheet into panes for easier navigation.

view options

CPEL

Rupac, Ashley May · 46問 · 2年前

CPEL

46問 • 2年前

Rupac, Ashley May

SAS

Rupac, Ashley May · 49問 · 2年前

SAS

49問 • 2年前

Rupac, Ashley May

Excel Interface

Rupac, Ashley May · 26問 · 2年前

Excel Interface

26問 • 2年前

Rupac, Ashley May

Data Analytics Process

Rupac, Ashley May · 14問 · 2年前

Data Analytics Process

14問 • 2年前

Rupac, Ashley May

Data, Data Sources, and Data Types

Rupac, Ashley May · 23問 · 2年前

Data, Data Sources, and Data Types

23問 • 2年前

Rupac, Ashley May

Data analytics and its types

Rupac, Ashley May · 18問 · 2年前

Data analytics and its types

18問 • 2年前

Rupac, Ashley May

Basic data quality assessment

Rupac, Ashley May · 20問 · 2年前

Basic data quality assessment

20問 • 2年前

Rupac, Ashley May

Ethical considerations

Rupac, Ashley May · 13問 · 2年前

Ethical considerations

13問 • 2年前

Rupac, Ashley May

問題一覧

It is the study of data to extract meaningful insights for business.

data science

refers to the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample.

statistics

refers to the simulation or approximation of human intelligence in machines. The goals of artificial intelligence include computer-enhanced learning, reasoning, and perception.

artificial intelligence

machine learning

a software application or web interface that aims to mimic human conversation through text or voice interactions.

chatbot

algorithm

is a robot system used for manufacturing. These are automated, programmable and capable of movement on three or more axes.

industrial robot

an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and linguistics. It is primarily concerned with giving computers the ability to support and manipulate speech.

natural language processing

generally self-employed and provides professional administrative, technical, or creative assistance to clients remotely from a home office.

virtual assistant

learning

computer vision

a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.

navigation

What is happening in the business?

descriptive analytics

Why did something happen?

diagnostic analytics

What is likely to happen next?

predictive analytics

What do I need to do next?

prescriptive analytics

-Understanding the problem -Asking the right questions -Looking for the right data to solve the problem -Gather the data

concept study

-choosing what model to use -what algorithm to use to solve the problem

model planning

results are presented and communicated

communicate results

-raw data is to be manipulated -data munching is done -data format is formed

data preparation

-implementation and execution of the model -putting the data for analysis

model building

data analytics

the most basic form of data analysis. It involves summarizing historical data to provide a clear picture of past events and trends.

descriptive analytics

This type of analytics helps in understanding what has happened, often through visualization techniques such as charts, graphs, and dashboards. It is useful for reporting and providing context.

descriptive analytics

a step further by examining historical data to understand why certain events or trends occurred.

diagnostic analytics

This type of analysis is valuable for troubleshooting problems and optimizing processes.

diagnostic analytics

uses historical data and statistical algorithms to forecast future outcomes or trends. It helps organizations make informed decisions by providing insights into potential future scenarios.

predictive analytics

Common applications include sales forecasting, demand prediction, and risk assessment.

predictive analytics

prescriptive analytics

used in areas like supply chain optimization, healthcare treatment planning, and financial portfolio management.

prescriptive analytics

an open-ended approach used to investigate data for patterns and relationships. It is often used when the dataset is large or complex and the goal is to gain initial insights.

exploratory analytics

Visualization tools and statistical techniques are commonly used in this analytics to uncover hidden patterns and anomalies.

exploratory analytics

focuses on analyzing unstructured text data, such as customer reviews, social media posts, emails, and documents.

text analytics

Natural language processing (NLP) techniques are used to extract insights from text, including sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and information extraction.

text analytics

deals with geographic or location-based data. It involves analyzing data that has a spatial component, such as maps, GPS coordinates, and geographic information systems (GIS).

spatial analytics

is used in urban planning, environmental monitoring, and location-based marketing

spatial analytics

processes and analyzes data in real-time as it is generated. This is crucial for applications like fraud detection, IoT (Internet of Things) data analysis, and monitoring network performance.

streaming analytics

It helps businesses understand customer sentiment, track brand mentions, and assess the impact of social media campaigns.

social media analytics

involves the analysis of website and online user behavior data. It helps website owners optimize their web presence by understanding user interactions, traffic sources, and conversion rates.

web analytics

the fundamental building block upon which all analysis and insights are based. Understanding data, its sources, and its types is crucial for any data science practitioner.

data

lacks a specific structure and includes text, images, videos, and more.

unstructured data

With the advent of technology and the internet, organizations now have access to vast amounts of data

big data

organized and follows a predefined format, often stored in databases or spreadsheets.

structured data

characterized by its volume, velocity, variety, and veracity. Managing and analyzing this require specialized tools and techniques.

big data

This is crucial for accurate analysis. Data may contain errors, duplicates, or inconsistencies, which can lead to incorrect conclusions.

data quality

these are essential steps in data preparation.

data cleansing and data quality assessment

Data obtained from sources outside the organization, including publicly available data, market research reports, government datasets, and social media data.

external data

Data generated and collected within an organization, such as sales records, customer data, employee information, and transaction logs.

internal data

In the context of IoT (Internet of Things), data from sensors and devices, such as temperature sensors, GPS devices, and wearable fitness trackers, can provide valuable insights.

sensor data

involves extracting data from websites and online sources. It is commonly used to gather data for text analytics, price monitoring, and competitive analysis

web scraping

Organizations often collect data through these to gather feedback, preferences, and opinions from customers or respondents.

survey and questionnaires

these platforms generate vast amounts of user-generated content that can be analyzed for sentiment analysis, trend identification, and customer insights.

social media

Data generated by automated processes, such as log files, system metrics, and event logs, is used for monitoring and troubleshooting.

machine-generated data

consists of numbers

numerical data

Data that can take any value within a range, such as temperature or age.

continuous

includes unstructured textual information and is commonly analyzed using natural language processing (NLP) techniques for sentiment analysis, topic modeling, and text classification

text data

represents categories or labels and is often used to group data into distinct classes, such as colors, product categories, or customer segments.

categorical data

Data that can only take specific, distinct values, such as the number of employees or items sold.

discrete

it is collected at regular time intervals and is used to analyze trends and patterns over time, such as stock prices, weather data, or website traffic

time series data

consists of only two possible values, often represented as 0 and 1, and is used in various contexts, including machine learning classification problems.

binary data

includes information with a geographic or spatial component, such as latitude and longitude coordinates or GIS (Geographic Information System) data.

spatial data

It has a user-friendly interface with various elements and functionalities that enable users to work with spreadsheets, perform calculations, create charts, and analyze data.

microsoft excel

is located at the top of the Excel window and consists of tabs, each containing groups of related commands.

ribbon

It provides access to most of Excel's features and functionalities, organized into categories like "Home," "Insert," "Page Layout," "Formulas," "Data," "Review," and "View."

ribbon

is located above the Ribbon and provides quick access to frequently used commands.

quick access toolbar

Users can customize this toolbar by adding their preferred commands.

quick access toolbar

the main Excel file that contains one or more worksheets

workbook

it is also called spreadsheet

workbook

Each of this is displayed in a separate tab at the bottom of the Excel window.

workbook

grid of rows and columns where users enter, manipulate, and analyze data.

worksheet (spreadsheet)

Each of this can contain text, numbers, formulas, and charts. Users can have multiple worksheets within a single workbook.

worksheet (spreadsheet)

run horizontally from left to right and are numbered numerically (1, 2, 3, ...).

rows

run vertically from top to bottom and are labeled alphabetically (A, B, C, ...).

columns

The intersection of a row and a column is called a ___ and each this is identified by a unique ____ reference (e.g., A1, B2).

cell

a fundamental unit in Excel where data can be entered. Users can input text, numbers, dates, and formulas into this

cell

a fundamental unit in Excel where data can be entered. Users can input text, numbers, dates, and formulas into this.

cell

The active cell is outlined, and its address is displayed in the ____ (located to the left of the Formula Bar).

name box

displays the content of the active cell, whether it's data, a formula, or a function. Users can edit cell contents directly from this.

formula bar

it displays the cell reference or name of the active cell. Users can also use it to quickly navigate to specific cells by entering cell references.

name box

start with an equal sign (=) and can include mathematical operators and cell references (e.g., "=A1+B2").

formulas

are predefined operations (e.g., SUM, AVERAGE) that can be used for calculations.

functions

is a small square in the lower-right corner of the active cell. It can be used to quickly fill adjacent cells with a series of values or to copy and autofill formulas.

fill handle

can be inserted and customized from the "Insert" tab.

charts

thistab allows users to set up page orientation, page size, margins, and headers/footers for printing worksheets.

page layout

this tab offers features for sorting, filtering, and managing data. It also includes tools for data validation, data import/export, and text-to-columns transformations.

data tools

contains tools for spell-checking, tracking changes, adding comments, and protecting worksheets and workbooks.

review and proofing

tab provides options for changing the view of the spreadsheet, including Normal, Page Layout, and Page Break Preview. It also allows users to split the worksheet into panes for easier navigation.

view options