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Chemistry test 1
87問 • 1年前
  • ユーザ名非公開
  • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    define what is an element

    a substance made of atoms

  • 2

    how many elements exist

    113

  • 3

    an element can be converted to a simple substance

    false

  • 4

    what is a compound

    a combination of elements

  • 5

    which are elements in the list

    Fe, o2, N2

  • 6

    the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen atoms is the same in water from tap and springs

    true

  • 7

    atoms often reast so as to obtain exactly____ electrons

    8

  • 8

    what are the three particles in an atom

    proton, neutron, electron

  • 9

    what is a catalyser

    a substance that helps a reaction but isn’t a reactant itself

  • 10

    if an atoms neucleus contains & protons, how many electrons will it have

    8

  • 11

    name an element present in graphite and diamond

    carbon

  • 12

    if you split the neucleus of a gold atom in 2, you will have 2 smaller gold atoms

    false

  • 13

    a chemical bond is:

    electron is shared between atoms

  • 14

    the chemical property of an element is mainly due to the number of electrons in its outermost orbital

    false

  • 15

    the chemical properties of the elements are periodical

    true

  • 16

    why does table salt conduct electricity

    it is an electrolyte and when dissolved has a positive and negative electrical charge

  • 17

    what is an electrolyte

    a liquid that has either a positive or negative charge

  • 18

    what is covalent bonding

    2 molecules split a electron so that they have 8 in the outer orbital

  • 19

    what characteristics determine if a small particle is classified as an ion

    it’s electrically charged

  • 20

    explain the formation of fossil fuels

    formed from plants and animals that accumulate layers of sedements

  • 21

    fossil fuels is a renewable energy

    false

  • 22

    how can we separate the different compounds of petroleum

    distillation

  • 23

    gasoline is a mixture of 5 different hydrocarbons

    false

  • 24

    define boiling point

    the temperature at which a liquid boils and turns to vapor

  • 25

    the heavier the hydrocarbon the lower the boiling point

    false

  • 26

    what are the gasses exhausted from the combustion of gasoline

    carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons, nitrogen and sulfur impurities

  • 27

    what is octane rating

    the measure of fuel stability

  • 28

    what is a catalyst

    a substance that can speed up a reaction but isn’t a reactant itself

  • 29

    what is catalytic poisinig

    when metals such as iron and potassium interact with the catalyst

  • 30

    what is the solution to avoid catalytic poisoning

    unleaded gasoline

  • 31

    is lead poisonous? give an example from the past

    yes, in paints people would smell it and get very sick

  • 32

    how can we produce ethanol

    corn

  • 33

    what is the purpose of distalation

    to take the impurities out of a substance

  • 34

    in a typical petroleum refinery, the compound are separated according to

    density, smell, boiling point and purity

  • 35

    straight run gasoline comes from:

    directly from distillation

  • 36

    what molecule in gasoline is a cancer causing agent

    benzene, ethane and butane

  • 37

    what is the main advantage of ethanol as an alternative fuel

    it is produced from a biomass and burns more cleanly

  • 38

    what are the defaults of ethanol as an alternative fuel

    high costs, not that much corn in the world and low energy content

  • 39

    give two exhaust gasses form the combustion of gasoline

    carbon dioxide and nitrogen impurities

  • 40

    your given samples of two volatile liquids. describe how you could determine which in us the more volatile

    compare their boiling points and evaporation rates

  • 41

    what is the main advantage of electricity as an alternative fuel

    no exhaust, no emmison and stores battery

  • 42

    what is the main default of electricity as an alternative fuel

    short driving ranges and long recharging

  • 43

    what are the main different sources for the production of electricity

    hydro, wind, solar, fossil fuels

  • 44

    what is regenerative breaking

    conversion of the energy of motion into electricity rather than heat

  • 45

    What would be a major advantage of using the combustion of hydrogen as a source of energy in a cars engine? What might be a major disadvantage?

    advantage: better for the environment

  • 46

    what relationship exists between work and heat

    heat can partially convert to work but work can fully turn to heat

  • 47

    what is the fuel used by animals to get energy

    food

  • 48

    how would you define energy

    one form of energy converted to another

  • 49

    what is the law of conservation of energy

    energy cannot be created nor destroyed

  • 50

    what is the dominant energy in the 20th century

    oil

  • 51

    how would you define potential energy

    the energy in result of an objects position relative to another

  • 52

    what is the origin of heat

    the motion of atoms

  • 53

    how is calorie defined

    the heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water to one 1 celcius

  • 54

    in a steam engine what kinds of energies are involved

    mechanical, thermal and chemical

  • 55

    what are the three products of combustion of a hydrocarbon

    water, heat, carbon dioxide

  • 56

    where is stored the energy of a molecule

    chemical bonds

  • 57

    In a chemical reaction when it takes more energy to break a specific bond, then to make another one how is the excess of energy released?

    in the form of heat or light

  • 58

    how do you call the reaction that releases energy

    exothermic

  • 59

    we can predict the energy released by a reaction

    true

  • 60

    how do you define metabolism

    set of chemical reactions that occur within a living organism

  • 61

    according to the energy equation energy in=energy out +_____

    energy stored

  • 62

    what unit is used to quantify energy

    joules

  • 63

    the human body uses energy in three different ways: give 3 ways

    doing exercises, basal metabolism , dynamic action

  • 64

    what are 3 classes of chemicals we use as nutrients

    carbs, fats and protein

  • 65

    what is the source of almost all our energy

    hydro (97%)

  • 66

    what are the difderent sources of energy that we use

    hydro, solar, wind, fossil fuels

  • 67

    why do nuclear transformations release more energy than ordinary chemical reactions

    they involve changes in the neucleus

  • 68

    why is the fusion releasing so much energy

    it transforms less stable nuclei into more stable

  • 69

    what are the differences between the neucleus fissions in a reactor as compared to the an atomic bomb

    atomic bomb: fast and uncontrolled chain reaction and reactor is opposite

  • 70

    what equation describes the principle of equivalence between mass and energy

    E= mc2

  • 71

    for any reaction that releases energy, a variation of the mass is taking place

    true

  • 72

    how would you define radioactivity

    atomic nuclei spontaneously decay, releasing energy in the form of radiation

  • 73

    how would you define the half life of a radioactive element

    the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms to decay

  • 74

    the half life of a radio element can range from a few minutes to billions of years

    true

  • 75

    .

    .

  • 76

    why is the explosion of an atomic bomb considered as a chain reaction

    neutrons produced by the splitting of atom strike

  • 77

    the first nuclear weapons testing was called

    the manhattan project

  • 78

    nuclear medicine allows

    to find illnesses and diseases

  • 79

    what is the title of richard feymans lecture in 1959

    there’s plenty of room at the bottom

  • 80

    according to what law did the transistor sizes decreased

    moores law

  • 81

    why is it so important to fabricate nanodevices in a clean room

    it will result in defects

  • 82

    give examples of the commercial devices that contain nanosized materials

    thermal insulation, self cleaning windows

  • 83

    how many atoms can you approx. hold in one nanometer

    10

  • 84

    since when is it possible to manipulate individual atoms

    1989

  • 85

    for the fabrication of nanomaterials which are the two possible approaches

    top down , bottom up

  • 86

    because of their very large surface area nanocrystals can be used as catalysts

    true

  • 87

    give three structures that are formed with only carbon atoms

    carbon diamonds and nanotubes

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    define what is an element

    a substance made of atoms

  • 2

    how many elements exist

    113

  • 3

    an element can be converted to a simple substance

    false

  • 4

    what is a compound

    a combination of elements

  • 5

    which are elements in the list

    Fe, o2, N2

  • 6

    the ratio of hydrogen and oxygen atoms is the same in water from tap and springs

    true

  • 7

    atoms often reast so as to obtain exactly____ electrons

    8

  • 8

    what are the three particles in an atom

    proton, neutron, electron

  • 9

    what is a catalyser

    a substance that helps a reaction but isn’t a reactant itself

  • 10

    if an atoms neucleus contains & protons, how many electrons will it have

    8

  • 11

    name an element present in graphite and diamond

    carbon

  • 12

    if you split the neucleus of a gold atom in 2, you will have 2 smaller gold atoms

    false

  • 13

    a chemical bond is:

    electron is shared between atoms

  • 14

    the chemical property of an element is mainly due to the number of electrons in its outermost orbital

    false

  • 15

    the chemical properties of the elements are periodical

    true

  • 16

    why does table salt conduct electricity

    it is an electrolyte and when dissolved has a positive and negative electrical charge

  • 17

    what is an electrolyte

    a liquid that has either a positive or negative charge

  • 18

    what is covalent bonding

    2 molecules split a electron so that they have 8 in the outer orbital

  • 19

    what characteristics determine if a small particle is classified as an ion

    it’s electrically charged

  • 20

    explain the formation of fossil fuels

    formed from plants and animals that accumulate layers of sedements

  • 21

    fossil fuels is a renewable energy

    false

  • 22

    how can we separate the different compounds of petroleum

    distillation

  • 23

    gasoline is a mixture of 5 different hydrocarbons

    false

  • 24

    define boiling point

    the temperature at which a liquid boils and turns to vapor

  • 25

    the heavier the hydrocarbon the lower the boiling point

    false

  • 26

    what are the gasses exhausted from the combustion of gasoline

    carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons, nitrogen and sulfur impurities

  • 27

    what is octane rating

    the measure of fuel stability

  • 28

    what is a catalyst

    a substance that can speed up a reaction but isn’t a reactant itself

  • 29

    what is catalytic poisinig

    when metals such as iron and potassium interact with the catalyst

  • 30

    what is the solution to avoid catalytic poisoning

    unleaded gasoline

  • 31

    is lead poisonous? give an example from the past

    yes, in paints people would smell it and get very sick

  • 32

    how can we produce ethanol

    corn

  • 33

    what is the purpose of distalation

    to take the impurities out of a substance

  • 34

    in a typical petroleum refinery, the compound are separated according to

    density, smell, boiling point and purity

  • 35

    straight run gasoline comes from:

    directly from distillation

  • 36

    what molecule in gasoline is a cancer causing agent

    benzene, ethane and butane

  • 37

    what is the main advantage of ethanol as an alternative fuel

    it is produced from a biomass and burns more cleanly

  • 38

    what are the defaults of ethanol as an alternative fuel

    high costs, not that much corn in the world and low energy content

  • 39

    give two exhaust gasses form the combustion of gasoline

    carbon dioxide and nitrogen impurities

  • 40

    your given samples of two volatile liquids. describe how you could determine which in us the more volatile

    compare their boiling points and evaporation rates

  • 41

    what is the main advantage of electricity as an alternative fuel

    no exhaust, no emmison and stores battery

  • 42

    what is the main default of electricity as an alternative fuel

    short driving ranges and long recharging

  • 43

    what are the main different sources for the production of electricity

    hydro, wind, solar, fossil fuels

  • 44

    what is regenerative breaking

    conversion of the energy of motion into electricity rather than heat

  • 45

    What would be a major advantage of using the combustion of hydrogen as a source of energy in a cars engine? What might be a major disadvantage?

    advantage: better for the environment

  • 46

    what relationship exists between work and heat

    heat can partially convert to work but work can fully turn to heat

  • 47

    what is the fuel used by animals to get energy

    food

  • 48

    how would you define energy

    one form of energy converted to another

  • 49

    what is the law of conservation of energy

    energy cannot be created nor destroyed

  • 50

    what is the dominant energy in the 20th century

    oil

  • 51

    how would you define potential energy

    the energy in result of an objects position relative to another

  • 52

    what is the origin of heat

    the motion of atoms

  • 53

    how is calorie defined

    the heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water to one 1 celcius

  • 54

    in a steam engine what kinds of energies are involved

    mechanical, thermal and chemical

  • 55

    what are the three products of combustion of a hydrocarbon

    water, heat, carbon dioxide

  • 56

    where is stored the energy of a molecule

    chemical bonds

  • 57

    In a chemical reaction when it takes more energy to break a specific bond, then to make another one how is the excess of energy released?

    in the form of heat or light

  • 58

    how do you call the reaction that releases energy

    exothermic

  • 59

    we can predict the energy released by a reaction

    true

  • 60

    how do you define metabolism

    set of chemical reactions that occur within a living organism

  • 61

    according to the energy equation energy in=energy out +_____

    energy stored

  • 62

    what unit is used to quantify energy

    joules

  • 63

    the human body uses energy in three different ways: give 3 ways

    doing exercises, basal metabolism , dynamic action

  • 64

    what are 3 classes of chemicals we use as nutrients

    carbs, fats and protein

  • 65

    what is the source of almost all our energy

    hydro (97%)

  • 66

    what are the difderent sources of energy that we use

    hydro, solar, wind, fossil fuels

  • 67

    why do nuclear transformations release more energy than ordinary chemical reactions

    they involve changes in the neucleus

  • 68

    why is the fusion releasing so much energy

    it transforms less stable nuclei into more stable

  • 69

    what are the differences between the neucleus fissions in a reactor as compared to the an atomic bomb

    atomic bomb: fast and uncontrolled chain reaction and reactor is opposite

  • 70

    what equation describes the principle of equivalence between mass and energy

    E= mc2

  • 71

    for any reaction that releases energy, a variation of the mass is taking place

    true

  • 72

    how would you define radioactivity

    atomic nuclei spontaneously decay, releasing energy in the form of radiation

  • 73

    how would you define the half life of a radioactive element

    the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms to decay

  • 74

    the half life of a radio element can range from a few minutes to billions of years

    true

  • 75

    .

    .

  • 76

    why is the explosion of an atomic bomb considered as a chain reaction

    neutrons produced by the splitting of atom strike

  • 77

    the first nuclear weapons testing was called

    the manhattan project

  • 78

    nuclear medicine allows

    to find illnesses and diseases

  • 79

    what is the title of richard feymans lecture in 1959

    there’s plenty of room at the bottom

  • 80

    according to what law did the transistor sizes decreased

    moores law

  • 81

    why is it so important to fabricate nanodevices in a clean room

    it will result in defects

  • 82

    give examples of the commercial devices that contain nanosized materials

    thermal insulation, self cleaning windows

  • 83

    how many atoms can you approx. hold in one nanometer

    10

  • 84

    since when is it possible to manipulate individual atoms

    1989

  • 85

    for the fabrication of nanomaterials which are the two possible approaches

    top down , bottom up

  • 86

    because of their very large surface area nanocrystals can be used as catalysts

    true

  • 87

    give three structures that are formed with only carbon atoms

    carbon diamonds and nanotubes