Progressed through different eras, initially starting as a vocational course

Focused on standardized curricula for diploma programs in nursing.

Pioneered nursing practices and education, emphasizing clean environment for patient recovery

An example of a scientific law that describes the force of gravity as a universal force of attraction between objects.

Defines how concepts are used within a phenomenon

Relate concepts to measurements in theories.

Highlighted the guidance of nursing research and practice by theories.

Utilizes deductive reasoning from cause to effect or general to particular.

A set of statements that tentatively describe, explain, or predict relationships among concepts systematically selected and organized as an abstract representation of some phenomenon

Emphasized problem studies and the role of nurses in research

Define how concepts are used within the context of a phenomenon for measurement.

Establish meaning in theories, similar to dictionary definitions

Includes person, health, environment, and nursing concepts in nursing models.

Philosophical belief that knowledge is gained through sensory experience.

Belong to specific categories or classes of phenomena.

Independent of a specific time and place, e.g., CHS.

Statements in theories that state relations among concepts.

Reduces observations to the meanings of phenomena, focusing on lived experiences.

Discipline vs Profession

Organize theoretical and operational statements to provide rationale and consistency in theories.

Represent gradations across a continuum, e.g., pain, health-illness.

An object is considered real based on being seen, felt, smelled, tasted, or heard.

Addresses theoretical boundaries and levels to advance nursing science, including the development of nursing theories and their impact on nursing practice and research.

Set of statements describing relationships among concepts

Philosophical belief that knowledge is acquired through reason and logic.

An approach where research precedes theory development, focusing on gathering data and evidence before formulating theoretical explanations.

Type of concept specific to time or place

Describes a consistent and universal relationship among phenomena in nature.

Focused on developing knowledge for nursing practice through graduate education

Emphasized the need for new theories to enhance quality care in nursing.

Nursing practice based on handed-down principles and traditions.

Specific to a time or place, e.g., Nursing, Pharmacy.

Involves fundamental experimentation in research.

A statement of fact that aims to explain, in brief and simple terms, an action or set of actions. Generally accepted to be true and universal, explains an entire group, and can be changed or improved without altering the overall truth.

Words or phrases representing observed or experienced phenomena in theories.

The dominant view in modern science emphasizing empirical research and logical analysis.

Reasoning from specific observations to make general conclusions.

Involves creating a systematic view of a phenomenon for description, explanation, prediction, and control.

A simple, true, universal, and absolute statement based on repeated experimental observations that governs a single action. It is an educated guess based on observation and can be supported or proven false by experimentation.

Branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge and how it is acquired.

Relate concepts to each other in theories for analysis.