Visual examination of the urinary bladder.

Pertaining to within the urinary bladder.

Inflammation of kidneys.

Pertaining to the kidney.

X-ray record of the renal pelvis after injection of contrast.

Removal (excision) of a ureter.

Inflammation of the urethra.

腎盂

膀胱

尿管

尿道

cyst/o

vesic/o

nephr/o

ren/o

pyel/o

ureter/o

urethr/o

Abnormal condition of protein (albumin) in the urine.

Abnormal condition of no urine production.

Painful urination.

Abnormal condition of glucose in the urine.

Abnormal condition of blood in the urine.

Abnormal condition of stones in the kidney.

Condition in which the kidneys stop functioning and do not produce urine.

Condition of high levels of urea (nitrogenous waste material) in the blood.

Measures the amount of urea (nitrogenous waste) in the blood.

Visual examination of the urinary bladder with a cystoscope (endoscope).

X-ray images of the kidneys and urinary tract made without the use of contrast material.

Contrast material is injected through a catheter (a flexible, tubular instrument) into the urethra and bladder, and x-ray images are taken of the urethra, bladder, and ureters.

X-ray films of the bladder and urethra taken after the bladder is filled with a contrast material and while the patient is expelling urine. Also called cystogram.

X-ray imaging of the urinary tract after injection of contrast material; pyelography.

Waste materials (urea, creatinine, and uric acid) are separated from the blood by a machine (hemodialysis). Alternatively, in peritoneal dialysis, an intra-abdominal catheter (a flexible tubular instrument), delivers a special fluid into the abdominal, cavity. After several hours, the fluid containing waste materials that have seeped into it from the blood is drained.

Shock waves are beamed into a patient to crush urinary tract stones. The stone fragments then pass out of the body with urine. Also called extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).

A donor kidney is transferred to a recipient, whose kidneys have both failed.

A catheter (a flexible tubular instrument) is passed through the urethra and into the urinary bladder for short-term or long-term drainage of urine.

ARF

BUN

CKD

GFR

HD

KUB

RP

UA

UTI

VCUG

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