In place of scientific explanations, people used _____ and other _________

Charles Darwin showed an interest in ________ from a young age

Focuses on the history and descriptions of animals

Organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Charles Bonnet wrote the

It deals with the examination and modeling of the spatial and temporal variation in frequencies of genes and alleles in populations.

Pliny the Elder wrote the

Even in ancient times, people have tried to explain the different events and phenomena that happen within the natural world

Comte de Buffon wrote the

Darwin noticed similarities between extinct and extant organisms

Most religions also have their own creation myths The Roman Catholic creation story is found in the Bible

When a small group starts a new population, they don't carry all the genes from their original group, resulting in less genetic variety. This can lead to certain rare genes becoming more common in the new population, while some common genes may be absent or very rare.

Darwin’s ideas were published in the book ________, which remains famous and relevant until today.

His work, Natural History of Animals, put forth ideas in comparative anatomy that are closely related to today's idea of evolution

Charles Robert Darwin was born on

Darwin made observations regarding the ________ of species in South America

The path of the second voyage of the HMS Beagle, from _____

increase the fitness of organisms.

Theophrastus' work

There are four distinct parts of Darwin's theory

Ibn Khaldun published the

Describes animal reproduction

Scala naturae of Aristotle

are the observable traits expressed in an individual. A gene contains all the needed information that codes for a specific protein required in controlling the expression of different __________ in an organism.

are segments of DNA that regulate the expression of the traits of an organism through the identity and arrangement of the nucleotides.

Al Jahiz published the

do not impact fitness.

This work has multiple ideas that predated but supported the idea of natural selection. Some of these include early ideas of adaptation, competition, and more.

He is considered to be the father of evolution

Aristotle's other works

The traits that the organisms have acquired through change can be passed onto their offspring

is a process in one’s DNA wherein pieces of chromosomes exchange genetic information and produces a new variation of alleles.

can cause changes in the DNA structure of the organisms.

is when a population's size dramatically reduces, leading to a loss of genetic diversity. This often happens due to events like natural disasters or diseases. The few survivors may not represent the original population's genetic makeup, impacting the future of the specie.

All species have common ancestry

The most famous observations Darwin has made in the Galapagos are related to the _____. He noticed great variation

Considérastions sur Les corps organisées (considerations on organized bodies), used the term evolution to describe his own concept of preformation

His theory of use and disuse, though already discredited, was also a major step towards the development of evolutionary theory

Was one of Aristotle's successor and did extensive work on plants in his Historia Plantarum

Theophrastus

are sets of genes that regulate the expression of certain traits in the organism.

The change that happens to species does so over very long periods of time.

Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation claimed that fossils show the progressive changes that happen to organisms

refers to the process by which organisms change and evolve to form a distinct new species.

Darwin traveled to the ______ using the HMS Beagle

HMS stands for

is a field of science that deals with genetic variation in the populations of organisms in the ecosystem.

Robert Chambers wrote the

Charles Darwin

Focuses on animal, morphology, and physiology

Factors Affecting Genetic Structure of Population

Simpler forms of life are continuously formed through spontaneous generation, which became more complex over time

is the change in frequency of an existing gene variant in the population due to random chance. _______may cause gene variants to disappear completely and thereby reduce genetic variation. It could also cause initially rare alleles to become much more frequent, and even fixed

decrease the fitness of organisms.

refer to the variant form of a given gene.

It organize organisms into a hierarchy, with humans being at the top of the ladder

Wrote the work Naturalis Historia which tackled several fields such as biology, astronomy, mathematics, and many other branches of science

He published the Kitab al-Hayawan, also known as the Book of the Animals

Published the Muqaddimah. It described the formation of plants and animals from simple life forms to more complex ones.

A notable view he held was that natural phenomena do not occur without an ultimate purpose He argued that natural events works toward some kind of purpose

Scala naturae of Aristotle: Animals