Which of the following statements describes a rigid endoscope? a. It can bend 180°. b. It is used to see difficult-to-reach anatomical structures. c. It is long, thin, and can be slightly bent. d. It is a metal tube with an eyepiece.

To white balance a camera, the surgical technologist should: a. aim the endoscope at a 4x4 Ray-tec, a few inches away, and engage the focus button. b.place the tip of the endoscope on a 4x4 Ray-tec and engage the white balance button. c. aim the endoscope at a 4x4 Ray-tec, a few inches away, and engage the white balance button. d. aim the endoscope at a 4x4 Ray-tec, at least twelve inches away, and engage the white balance button.

The acronym FRED stands for: a. fog reduction elimination device. b. film reducing elimination device. c. film read emergency department. d. forced reduction elimination device.

After the Veress needle is inserted and the plunger is pulled back, which of the following fluids should the surgical technologist observe in the barrel of the syringe? a. urine b. intestinal fluid c. nothing d. blood

The acronym HALS stands for: a. Heany-assisted laparoscopic surgery. b. hydro-assisted laparoscopic surgery. c. Hasson-assisted laparoscopic surgery. d. hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery.

Typical rates of gas flow for insufflation are: a. one to two liters per minute. b. three to four liters per minute. c. ten to twelve liters per minute. d. twelve to fifteen liters per minute.

Intraabdominal pneumoperitoneal pressure for an average adult should be kept between: a. one to two mmHg. b. three to four mmHg. c. ten to twelve mmHg. d. twelve to fifteen mmHg.

The correct order for surgical approach to an abdominal laparoscopic procedure is: a. trocar placed, insufflation, incision into skin, Veress needle placed. b. Veress needle placed, incision into skin, trocar insertion, insufflation. c. incision into skin, Veress needle placed, insufflation, trocar insertion. d. incision into skin, insufflation, Veress needle placed, trocar insertion.

Which of the following types of endoscope would be appropriate for examination of the renal pelvis via a natural body orifice? a. flexible ureteroscope b. flexible colonoscope c. rigid hysteroscope d. rigid sigmoidoscope

Which of the following terms is defined as the number of ways that a robotic manipulator can move? a. degrees of freedom b. resolution c. sensitivity d. telepresence

Which of the following generations of robots requires consistent oversight and does not have any degree of artificial intelligence (AI)? a. first b. second c. third d. fourth

Which of the following terms is defined as the extent to which a machine, microscope, human, or robot can differentiate between two objects? a. binaural hearing b. degrees of rotation c. resolution d. telechir

During routine robotic surgery procedures, the surgeon is located: a. sitting on the contralateral side of the OR table from the surgical site. b. standing on the operative side of the OR table. c. sitting at the robotic console separate from the OR table. d. standing between the patient’s legs, which are in low-lithotomy stirrups.

Which of the following terms describes the right and left (side-to-side) movements of a robotic manipulator that has 3D capability? a. axis b. pitch c. roll d. yaw

The name of the complex robotic operating system created and marketed by Intuitive Surgical® is: a. Aesop. b. Columbus. c. da Vinci. d. Magellan.

Which of the following terms is used for the technology of performing a surgical procedure in real time but from a distant location? a. Cartesian coordinate geometry b. expert systems c. revolute geometry d. telesurgery

Robotic manipulators are not sterilized but are covered with disposable drapes for surgical procedures. true/false

true

Which of the following coordinates is used for graphing mathematical functions in which the axes are always perpendicular to each other? a. Cartesian coordinate b. cylindrical coordinate c. square coordinate d. plane coordinate

The purpose of the patient side cart during a robotic assisted procedure is to: a. track data for later analysis. b. appropriately position the patient next to the robotic system. c. provide a three-dimensional endoscopic view. d. serve as the communication hub for advanced image and energy components.

The size of a hybrid OR suite should be: a. less than 400 square feet. b. 400 to 600 square feet. c. 600 to 800 square feet. d. at least 1000 square feet.

A patient who is in the process of obtaining pre-operative positional data is undergoing: a. tracking. b. registration. c. ablation. d. navigation.

Which of the following choices is a small object placed on or in the body to indicate a specific area for treatment? a. MRI b. medtronic O-arm c. fiducial marker d. transducer

The procedure that delivers a clotting agent to a specific area in the body using interventional radiology is called: a. balloon angioplasty. b. embolization. c. stent placement. d. needle biopsy

If a guidewire is highly responsive when inserted through a vessel, it is said to have the characteristic of: a. rail. b. maneuverability. c. torque. d. steerability.

Which of the following types of wire would be used to deploy a vascular stent? a. rail b. access c. maneuver d. glide

When using MRI technology in the hybrid suite, the team and patient will be provided with: a. earplugs. b. safety glasses. c. a filter mask. d. laser goggles.

A dosimeter is used to measure: a. torque. b. CMEV. c. ionizing radiation. d. magnetic resonance.

ALARA is the acronym for: a. as long as reasonably achievable. b. as light as reasonably achievable. c. as low as reasonably achievable. d. as large as reasonably achievable.

The seeds used in brachytherapy are made of: a. steel. b. titanium. c. silver. d. gold.

The purpose of rolling and stationary shields in the hybrid suite is to: a. increase fluoroscopy time. b. decrease fluoroscopy time. c. increase scatter radiation from the patient. d. decrease scatter radiation from the patient.

Which of the following types of endoscope is typically used to control hemorrhage or retrieve foreign bodies? a. rigid b. semi-rigid c. flexible d. percutaneous

During a basic laparoscopic procedure, the Veress needle should be inserted at: a. twenty-five degrees. b. thirty degrees. c. forty-five degrees. d. ninety degrees.

CO2 insufflation pressure should not exceed: a. fifteen mmHg. b. twenty mmHg. c. twenty-five mmHg. d. thirty mmHg.

A laparoscopic procedure with no gross spillage would be assigned which of the following wound classifications? a. I b. II c. III d. IV

How many degrees of freedom and rotation does the human arm have? a. five b. seven c. nine d. eleven

The term yaw describes which of the following degrees of freedom? a. side-to-side movement b. rotation and circumduction c. up-and-down movement d. rotation from right to left

When placing a curved cannula during a robotic approach, at which of the following black lines should you stop advancing the cannula? a. first b. second c. third d. fourth

Which of the following surgical specialties utilizes model-based navigation? a. neurosurgical b. cardiovascular c. peripheral vascular d. orthopedics

The operating tabletop in a hybrid IR room should be: a. flat with arm boards attached. b. flexible and shaped to cradle the patient. c. be non-radiolucent. d. allow for partial body imaging coverage.

Which of the following devices is the most commonly used IR device? a. stops b. grafts c. shunts d. stents

The type of IR catheter that is used for high flow injections into large vessels is: a. selective. b. push. c. flush. d. collective.

A large amount of air that becomes trapped in the venous system is called an: a. air bolus. b. air contrast. c. air thrombus. d. air embolus.

Which of the following media would be used in tight spaces, such an ankle joint, to provide distention for insertion of a scope? a. CO2 b. air c. saline d. nitrogen

Fiber-optic is considered “cold light.” true/false

true

The placement of laparoscopic ports depends on the procedure performed, and the size of the ports depends on use. true/false

true

Cartesian coordinate geometry uses the system of graphing mathematical functions and moves the robotic manipulators along the x, y, and z axes. true/false

true

The first step in every IR procedure is initial access. true/false

true

Using a pressure injector decreases the risk for contrast media extravasation. true/false

false

Robotic manipulators are categorized by their degrees of freedom. true/false

false