It is a written or spoken language that follows natural speech patterns. Unlike poetry, it does not use a formal structure like rhyme or meter and is used in most everyday writing.

Prose

It tells made-up stories created from the writer’s imagination.

Fictional prose

It presents facts, real events, or opinions based on truth.

Nonfictional prose

It is a long, structured narrative that features complex characters and multiple intertwined events

Novel

It is a brief, focused narrative that centers on a single event, character, or theme

Short Story

It is a short tale that features animal characters and conveys a lesson

Fable

It is a magical story with fantastical elements and a lesson, often passed down through generations

Fairy Tale

It is a traditional tale that explains origins, nature, or culture, often involving gods or supernatural beings

Myth

It is a story passed down through generations, blending historical facts with fictional elements, often centered on heroes

Legend

It is a detailed account of a person’s life story written by someone else

Biography

It is a person’s life story written by themselves

Autobiography

It is a personal account focusing on specific memories, experiences, or themes

Memoir

It is a short piece that presents, explains, argues, or reflects on an idea

Essay

It is a written text intended to be spoken aloud to inform, persuade, or inspire

Speech

It is a form of creative expression that conveys feelings, thoughts, or ideas through vivid language, rhythm, and sound. It is typically arranged in lines and stanzas and may or may not include rhyme.

Poetry

It is a 3-line poem with 5-7-5 syllables, often focused on nature

Haiku

It is a 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme, often exploring love or reflection

Sonnet

It is a poem without fixed rhyme or meter; mimics natural speech

Free Verse

It is a humorous 5-line poem with an AABBA rhyme scheme

Limerick

It is a narrative poem that tells a story, often meant to be sung

Ballad

It is a form of literature written to be performed by actors. It tells a story through dialogue, movement, and stage directions.

Drama

It is a serious drama where the main character faces downfall or death

Tragedy

It is a humorous play with light-hearted events, often ending happily

Comedy

It is a play where music, songs, and dance help tell the story

Musical

It is a play based on real historical events or figures

Historical Drama

These are a broad category that encompasses both literary elements and techniques used by authors to enhance storytelling.

Literary Devices

These are the basic components of storytelling that work together to shape the structure and meaning of a literary text.

Literary elements

This refers to the sequence of events that make up a story.

Plot

In plot, This is the part where the setting, characters, and initial situation are introduced.

Exposition

In plot, It is the most intense point of the story, where the conflict reaches its peak, and the outcome begins to shift.

Climax

In plot, It is the events that follow the climax and lead the story toward resolution.

Falling Action

In plot, It is the story’s conclusion, where conflicts are resolved and the ending is revealed. The ending can be happy, sad, or left open for interpretation.

Resolution

This refers to the time and place where a story takes place. It can influence the mood and the actions of the characters.

Setting

This refers to the people, animals, or beings in a story.

Character

It is the main character in the story whose journey, actions, thoughts, and development the audience follows.

Protagonist

It is the character or force that opposes the protagonist.

Antagonist

This refers to the struggle between opposing forcesthat drives the story forward. It builds tension and contributes to character development

Conflict

This conflict occurs when a character struggles against another. Their opposing goals, beliefs, or actions create tension in the story

Character vs. Character

In this conflict, a character struggles with personal doubts, emotions, or difficult decisions. It often highlights the character’s growth or inner change.

Character vs. Self

This conflict happens when a character challenges societal norms, laws, or expectations. It often explores themes of justice, freedom, or individuality.

Character vs. Society

This refers to the lens through which the story is told.

Point of View (POV)

The story is narrated by a main character using pronouns like I, me, my, and our. This point of view gives a personal and intimate perspective.

First Person

The narrator uses he, she, or they and focuses on the thoughts and experiences of one character.

Third Person Limited

The narrator knows and describes the thoughts, feelings, and actions of multiple characters.

Third Person Omniscient

These are specific methods authors use to convey meaning, enhance style, and engage the reader.

Literary techniques

This uses objects, actions, or events to represent deeper meanings beyond their literal sense.

Symbolism

It is a direct comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as." It helps readers understand one concept by relating it to another.

Metaphor

It highlights a contrast between expectations and reality, often to create surprise, humor, or insight.

Irony

This type of Irony is when someone says the opposite of what they mean.

Verbal Irony

This type of irony is when the actual outcome is the opposite of what was expected.

Situational Irony

It uses vivid, sensory language to create strong mental pictures and appeal to the reader’s five senses.

Imagery

It is the practice of passing down stories, values, and knowledge through spoken words across generations. It includes storytelling, songs, proverbs, and chants, especially in societies without written language, to preserve a community’s history and beliefs

Oral Tradition

It is an ancient Greek epic poem by Homer, known for its poetic style and storytelling techniques.

The Iliad

Instead of starting at the beginning of the Trojan War, Homer begins the poem in the middle of the action, a technique called ______?

in media res

He was the greeks’ greatest warrior, known for his strength and pride

Achilles

He was the Leader of the greek army who causes conflict with Achilles

Agamemnon

He was the prince of Troy, who took Helen and started the war, brother of Hector

Paris

She was the wife of Menelaus, whose abduction led to the war

Helen

He was the king of Sparta and husband of Helen

Menelaus

Trojan prince, brave warrior, and brother of Paris

Hector

Achilles’ loyal friend, whose death brings him back to battle

Patroclus

He was the King of Troy and father of Hector and Paris

Priam

She was a Trojan woman taken by Achilles, later claimed by Agamemnon, which sparks Achilles’ anger and withdrawal from battle

Briseis

Where is the setting of Iliad

Troy

Which Statement BEST DESCRIBES The Iliad's theme of Honor and Glory?

Warriors in The Iliad fight not just to win, but to earn a lasting fame. For instance, Achilles chooses a short life with glory over a long, quiet one.

Which Statement BEST DESCRIBES The Iliad's theme of Anger and Revenge?

Achilles’ rage drives much of the story, especially after Patroclus is killed. Revenge leads to violence, but also to moments of reflection and change.

Which Statement BEST DESCRIBES The Iliad's theme of Fate and the Gods?

The characters believe they cannot escape their destiny, no matter what they do. The gods constantly interfere, helping or hurting both sides in the war.

Which Statement BEST DESCRIBES The Iliad's theme of Compassion and Humanity?

In the middle of war, The Iliad shows moments of deep emotion. Achilles and Priam’s meeting shows that even enemies can share grief and forgiveness.

Which statement BEST DESCRIBES Character vs. Character conflict in The Iliad?

Achilles vs. Agamemnon – They argue over honor and respect, which causes Achilles to stop fighting.

Which statement BEST DESCRIBES Character vs. Self conflict in The Iliad?

Priam deals with overcoming fear and pride to ask his enemy for Hector’s body.

Which statement BEST DESCRIBES Character vs. Society conflict in The Iliad?

Achilles rejects the Greek army’s leadership and refuses to fight, which goes against social and military expectations.

Which statement BEST DESCRIBES Character vs Fate / The Gods conflict in The Iliad?

The characters believe their lives are guided by fate and the gods. Even great warriors like Hector and Achilles can’t escape destiny, and the gods often make things worse by interfering.

What Is Te Point Of View Of The Iliad ?

Third-person omniscient